1. Adamson RH. Induction of hepatocellular carcinoma in nonhuman primates by chemical carcinogens. Cancer Detect Prev. 1989. 14:215–219.
2. Anderson LJ, Sandison AT. Tumors of the liver in cattle, sheep and pigs. Cancer. 1968. 21:289–301.
Article
3. Cullen JH, Popp JA. Meuten DJ, editor. Tumors of the liver and gall bladder. Tumors in Domestic Animals. 2002. 4th. Ames: Iowa State University Press;483–508.
Article
4. Fox JG, Li X, Yan L, Cahill RJ, Hurley R, Lewis R, Murphy JC. Chronic proliferative hepatitis in A/JCr mice associated with persistent
Helicobacter hepaticus infection: a model of helicobacter-induced carcinogenesis. Infect Immun. 1996. 64:1548–1558.
Article
5. Kim JH, Kim BH, Kim JH, Yoo MJ, Kim DY. Lymphosarcoma in a sea otter (Enhydra lutris). J Wildl Dis. 2002. 38:616–617.
6. McGlynn KA, Tsao L, Hsing AW, Devesa SS, Fraumeni JF Jr. International trends and patterns of primary liver cancer. Int J Cancer. 2001. 94:290–296.
Article
7. McKillop IH, Schrum LW. Alcohol and liver cancer. Alcohol. 2005. 35:195–203.
Article
8. Nakamura K, Tanimura H, Katsuragi K, Shibahara T, Kadota K. Differentiated basal cell carcinoma in a Cape clawless otter (
Aonyx capensis). J Comp Pathol. 2002. 127:223–227.
Article
9. Patnaik AK, Hurvitz AI, Lieberman PH. Canine hepatic neoplasms: a clinicopathologic study. Vet Pathol. 1980. 17:553–564.
Article
10. Pettan-Brewer KC, Lowenstine LJ. Fowler ME, Miller RE, editors. Intrahepatic cysts and hepatic neoplasms in felids, ursids, and other zoo and wild animals. Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine: Current Therapy. 1999. 4th. Philadelphia: Saunders;423–428.
11. Reddy KR, Kligerman S, Levi J, Livingstone A, Molina E, Franceschi D, Badalamenti S, Jeffers L, Tzakis A, Schiff ER. Benign and solid tumors of the liver: relationship to sex, age, size of tumors, and outcome. Am Surg. 2001. 67:173–178.
12. Reimer DC, Lipscomb TP. Malignant seminoma with metastasis and herpesvirus infection in a free-living sea otter (Enhydra lutris). J Zoo Wildl Med. 1998. 29:35–39.
13. Snyder RL, Tyler G, Summers J. Chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma associated with woodchuck hepatitis virus. Am J Pathol. 1982. 107:422–425.
14. Stetzer E, Williams TD, Nightingale JW. Cholangiocellular adenocarcinoma, leiomyoma, and pheochromocytoma in a sea otter. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981. 179:1283–1284.
15. Trigo FJ, Thompson H, Breeze RG, Nash AS. The pathology of liver tumours in the dog. J Comp Pathol. 1982. 92:21–39.
Article
16. Wadsworth PF, Jones DM, Pugsley SL. Primary hepatic neoplasia in some captive wild mammals. J Zoo Anim Med. 1982. 13:29–32.
Article
17. Zachary JF, McDonald SC. Malignant ovarian teratoma in a spot-neck otter. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981. 179:1279–1283.