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Anomalies of cell migration are due to various kinds of damage(vascular, infectious, teratogenic etc.) which interfere with neuronal migration between the 8th and 24th week of gestation. Periventricular heterotopias are...
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a congenital disorder associated with partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4. The majority of patients showed characteristic facial anomalies - so called "Greek-Helmet" appearances...
Filamin A is an actin-binding protein and, in humans, is encoded by FLNA gene in the long arm of X chromosome. Filamin A plays a role in the formation of...
Periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) is a malformation of cortical development in which normal neurons inappropriately cluster in periventricular areas. Patients with Mowat–Wilson syndrome (MWS) typically present with facial gestalt, complex...
Ependymal cysts are rare entities that have evoked much controversies regarding their pathogenesis. We report a case of an intracerebral ependymal cyst associated with periventricular heterotopia and microgyria in a...
Aicardi syndrome is defined by the clinical triad infantile spasms, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and pathognomonic chorioretinal lacunae. Infantile spasm begins at early infancy and tends to be controlled...