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Outcomes of Various Treatment Modalities for Lumbar Spinal Ailments in Elite Athletes: A Literature Review

Gadia A, Shah K, Nene A

Lumbar spinal injuries are common in elite athletes, who can present with a spectrum of ailments ranging from lumbar strain to prolapsed intervertebral discs. Sequelae can include neurological impairment and...
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Is S1 Alar Iliac Screw a Feasible Option for Lumbosacral Fixation?: A Technical Note

Wang Z, Boubez G, Shedid D, Yuh SJ, Sebaaly A

Nonunion at the lumbosacral junction is a classic complication of long construct and deformity corrections. Iliac fixations have been extensively studied in the literature and have demonstrated superior biomechanical proprieties...
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Risk Factors for Delirium after Spine Surgery: An Age-Matched Analysis

Morino T, Hino M, Yamaoka S, Misaki H, Ogata T, Imai H, Miura H

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study. PURPOSE: To investigate the risk factors for postoperative delirium after spine surgery, excluding older age, which has already been established as a strong risk factor. OVERVIEW...
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Role of Whole-Spine Screening Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Short Tau Inversion Recovery or Fat-Suppressed T2 Fast Spin Echo Sequences for Detecting Noncontiguous Multiple-Level Spinal Tuberculosis

Siddiqui M, Sartaj S, Rizvi SW, Khan MJ, Khan IA

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of whole-spine screening using short tau inversion recovery (STIR) or fat-suppressed T2W fast spin echo...
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Correlation between Short-Form 36 Scores and Neck Disability Index in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

Ko S, Choi W, Chae S, Kwon J, Lee Y

STUDY DESIGN: Case control study. PURPOSE: To determine how the Neck Disability Index (NDI), a cervical spine-specific outcome, reflects health-related quality-of-life, and if NDI is correlated to the 36-item Short-Form Health...
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Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Objective Measurement Scales and Ambulatory Status

Abou-Al-Shaar H, Adogwa O, Mehta AI

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is one of the most common affecting the elderly population that may lead to loss of function and the inability to execute basic activities of daily...
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Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Critical Review of Alignment and Balance

Pumberger , Schmidt H, Putzier M

Correction of the overall coronal and/or sagittal plane deformities is one of the main predictors of successful spinal surgery. In routine clinical practice, spinal alignment is assessed using several spinal...
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Spinal Gunshot Wounds: Pattern and Associated Lesions in Civilians

Escamilla , Ross JA, Atanasio J, Martínez , Cisneros A, Avila JJ

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, descriptive case series study. PURPOSE: To investigate the frequency, bone pattern, and associated lesions to the spine of gunshot wounds. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Gunshot wounds are penetrating in nature...
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Undiagnosed Peripheral Nerve Disease in Patients with Failed Lumbar Disc Surgery

Yamauchi T, Kim K, Isu T, Iwamoto N, Yamazaki K, Matsumoto , Isobe M

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study (level of evidence=3). PURPOSE: We examine the relationship between residual symptoms after discectomy for lumbar disc herniation and peripheral nerve (PN) neuropathy. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Patients may report...
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Intraspinal Anomalies in Individuals with Scheuermann's Kyphosis: Is the Routine Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Necessary for Preoperative Evaluation?

Demiroz S, Ketenci IE, Yanik HS, Bayram S, Ur K, Erdem S

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the incidence of intraspinal pathologies (ISPs) in individuals with Scheuermann’s kyphosis (SK) and to validate whether the routine use of magnetic...
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Effect of Steroid-Soaked Gelatin Sponge on Soft Tissue Swelling Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Radiographic Analysis

Schroeder , Weinstein , Salzmann S, Kueper J, Shue J, Sama AA, Girardi FP

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective radiological review and analysis of 79 patients who underwent primary anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) of 2 or 3 levels between 2011 and 2013. PURPOSE: This study...
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Cervical Supine Side-Bending versus Cervical Supine Traction Radiographs: Which Is Better in Predicting Proximal Thoracic Flexibility for Lenke 1 and 2 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis?

Chiu CK, Bashir ES, Chan CY, Kwan MK

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. PURPOSE: This study compared cervical supine side-bending (CSSB) and cervical supine traction (CST) radiographs to assess the flexibility and predict the correctability of the proximal thoracic...
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Intraoperative Halo-Femoral Traction in Surgical Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Curves between 70° and 90°: Is It Effective?

Erdem MN, Oltulu I, Karaca S, Sari S, Aydogan M

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective clinical study. PURPOSE: To analyze the surgical outcomes of intraoperative halo-femoral traction (HFT) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with Cobb angles between 70° and 90°...
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Efficacy of Anal Needle Electrodes for Intraoperative Spinal Cord Monitoring with Transcranial Muscle Action Potentials

Kobayashi , Ando K, Yagi H, Ito K, Tsushima M, Morozumi M, Tanaka S, Machino M, Ota K, Matsuyama , Ishiguro N, Imagama S

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between postoperative bowel bladder disorder (BBD) and the efficacy of needle electrodes for the external anal sphincter (EAS) in intraoperative spinal cord...
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Evaluating Pedicle-Screw Instrumentation Using Decision-Tree Analysis Based on Pullout Strength

Varghese V, Krishnan V, Kumar GS

STUDY DESIGN: A biomechanical study of pedicle-screw pullout strength. PURPOSE: To develop a decision tree based on pullout strength for evaluating pedicle-screw instrumentation. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Clinically, a surgeon’s understanding of the...
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Effect of Different Types of Upper Instrumented Vertebrae Instruments on Proximal Junctional Kyphosis Following Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Pedicle Screw versus Transverse Process Hook

Matsumura , Namikawa T, Kato M, Oyama S, Hori Y, Yabu A, Hidaka N, Nakamura H

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective comparative study. PURPOSE: To compare the incidence of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) between transverse process hooks (TPHs) and pedicle screws (PSs) at the upper instrumented vertebrae (UIV) following...
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Prognostic Factors of Neurological Complications in Spinal Surgeries

Shin WS, Ahn DK, Lee JS, Koo KH, Yoo IS

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: To determine prognostic factors of neurological complications (NCs) of posterior thoracolumbar surgeries. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: There have been few reports on the prognosis of NCs according to...
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Postoperative Radiographic Early-Onset Adjacent Segment Degeneration after Single-Level L4–L5 Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Patients without Preoperative Severe Sagittal Spinal Imbalance

Matsuoka Y, Endo K, Suzuki H, Sawaji Y, Nishimura , Takamatsu , Kojima O, Murata K, Seki T, Horie S, Konishi T, Yamamoto K

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between preoperative total spinal sagittal alignment and the early onset of adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) after single-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF)...
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Minimally Invasive Microscope-Assisted Stand-Alone Transarticular Screw Fixation without Gallie Supplementation in the Management of Mobile Atlantoaxial Instability

Dusad T, Kundnani V, Dutta S, Patel A, Mehta G, Singh M

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinico-radiological efficacy of stand-alone minimally invasive transarticular screw (MIS-TAS) fixation without supplemental Gallie fixation in the management of mobile C1–C2 instability. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE:...
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Which Side-Bending X-ray Position is Better to Evaluate the Preoperative Curve Flexibility in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients, Supine or Prone?

Bekki H, Harimaya K, Matsumoto , Kawaguchi , Hayashida , Okada S, Doi T, Nakashima

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. PURPOSE: The present study aimed to evaluate the difference in the preoperative curve flexibility between the supine and prone positions in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis...
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