J Korean Acad Nurs.  2008 Aug;38(4):593-602. 10.4040/jkan.2008.38.4.593.

Self-Care Behaviors and Depressive Symptoms of Low-Income Elderly Women with Hypertension

• Sung KW
• Kim MH

• KMID: 820113
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.4.593

Abstract

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare self-care behaviors and depressive symptoms between the young old (65-74 yr) and the old-old (75-84 yr) in low-income women with hypertension. METHODS: This study used a descriptive research design. The subjects of this study were 136 elderly women over 65 yr living in D city. Data was collected from September to December 2007 through personal interviews using a questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS WIN 12.0 Program. RESULTS: Self-care behaviors, functional status, and number of medications showed a significant difference between young elderly and middle elderly. There was a negative correlation between self-care behaviors and depressive symptoms. 52.2% of variance in self-care behaviors of young elderly and 76.8% of variance in self-care behaviors of middle elderly were explained by depressive symptoms, number of medications, and functional status. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to manage depressive symptoms to improve the self-care behaviors of low-income elderly with hypertension. Depressive symptoms need to be considered in planning hypertension programs for low-income elderly women.

Keyword

Aged; Hypertension; Self-care; Depression

MeSH Terms

Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Data Interpretation, Statistical
*Depression
Female
Health Behavior
Humans
Hypertension/etiology/*psychology/therapy
Interviews as Topic
Questionnaires
*Self Care
Social Support
Socioeconomic Factors

Reference

1. Ardelt M. Antecedents and effects of wisdom in old age: A longitudinal perspective on aging well. Research on Aging. 2000. 22:360–394.

2. Artinian NT, Washington OG, Flack JM, Hockman EM, Jen KL. Depression, stress and blood pressure in urban African-American women. Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing. 2006. 21:68–75.

3. Bosworth HB, Bartash RM, Olsen MK, Steffens DC. The association of psychosocial factors and depression with hypertension among older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2003. 18:1142–1148.

4. Cankurtaran M, Halil M, Yavuz BB, Dagli N, Cankurtaran ES, Ariogul S. Depression and concomitant diseases in a Turkish geriatric outpatient setting. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2005. 40:307–315.

5. Choi YH. A study on depression, sleep and fatigue in younger and older elders. Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing. 2007. 18:223–231.

6. Choi YS, Kim HL. Factors related to self-care behavior and the control of hypertension in the low-income elderly. Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing. 2006. 17:441–450.

7. Hwang MH, Doh BN. A study of perceived health status, social support and self care agency of the aged. The Journal of Kyungpook Nursing Science. 2000. 4:43–58.

8. Jeon HO. Influencing factors on self-care in the elderly with essential hypertension. Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing. 2008. 19:66–75.

9. Jung JI, Kum MH. The relationship of health risk behavior and health status in the elderly. Journal of Kyungpook College. 2002. 20:357–374.

10. Kang HS. Experimental study of the effects of reinforcement education for rehabilitation on hemiplegia patients' self-care activities. 1984. Seoul: Yonsei University;Unpublished doctoral dissertation.

11. Katz S, Downs TD, Cash HR, Grotz RC. Progress in development of the index of ADL. The Gerontologist. 1970. 10:20–30.

12. Kee BS, Lee CW. A preliminary study for the standardization of geriatric depression scale short form-korea version. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatry Association. 1995. 34:1875–1884.

13. Kim CG, Jang HJ, Kim SS. The correlation between ability of activity in daily living and self-care agency among elderly in Chunchon province. Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing. 2001. 13:40–52.

14. Kim CY, Lee KS, Khang YH, Yim J, Choi YJ, Lee HK, et al. Health behaviors related to hypertension of Korea. Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2000. 33:56–68.

15. Kim HS. A drug use and the related factors of the elderly persons in a Gwangju area. Journal of Korean Public Health Association. 2001. 27:69–79.

16. Kim HS, You SJ, Han KR. The relation of cognitive function, physical health, self-esteem, social support and depression of elderly women in the community. Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing. 2002. 4:163–175.

17. Kim SH. Depression, self-care activity and HbA1C of type 2 diabetes patients. 2006. Seoul: Chung-Ang University;Unpublished master's thesis.

18. Statistics in elderly. 2006. Retrieved April 20, 2008. Korea National Statistical Office;from http://www.nso.go.kr.

19. Lee IJ. A study on the differences between the younger old and the older older: Comparison of the effects of stressful life events and social support on their health. Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society. 1999. 19(3):35–50.

20. Lee SA, Lee GM. A study on the major factors influencing the depression among the elderly in rural area. Journal of Korean Gerontological Society. 2002. 22:209–226.

21. Lee YW. A study of the effect of an efficacy expectation promoting on self efficacy and self-care. 1994. Seoul: Yonsei University;Unpublished doctoral dissertation.

22. Lu FH, Tang SJ, Wu JS, Yang YC, Chang CJ. Hypertension in elderly persons: Its prevalence and associated cardiovascular risk factors in Tainan city, southern Taiwan. Journals of Gerontology. 2000. 55:463–468.

23. The Nation Minimum Livelihood Security Law. 2008. Retrieved February 29, 2008. Ministry of Government Legistration;from http://www.moleg.go.kr.

24. oon SS, Nam JJ. Health status of elderly in Korea-Focus on physical health and disability of elderly women. Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society. 2001. 21:15–29.

25. Negarten B, Moorn J, Low L. Age constraints and adult socialization. The American Journal of Sociology. 1995. 70:710–717.

26. Park YI, Jun MH. The effect of a self-regulation program for hypertensives in rural areas. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2000. 30:1303–1317.

27. Puggaard L. Effects of training on functional performance in 65, 75 and 85 year-old women: Experiences deriving from community based studies in Odense, Denmark. Scandinavian. Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2003. 13:70–76.

28. Rie JI. Attachment of the elderly people and psychological well-being, social interaction. Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology. 2004. 18(2):11–29.

29. Seo HS, Sohng KY, Cho MS. A study on alcohol consumption and life satisfaction in older adults. Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing. 2004. 6:115–124.

30. Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, Lum O, Huang V, Adey M, et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1982. 17:37–49.