Endocrinol Metab.  2025 Apr;40(2):161-173. 10.3803/EnM.2025.2370.

Advances in Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Clinical Applications

• Kwon SY
• Moon JS

• KMID: 2567170
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2025.2370

Abstract

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has revolutionized diabetes management, significantly enhancing glycemic control across diverse patient populations. Recent evidence supports its effectiveness in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes management, with benefits extending beyond traditional glucose monitoring approaches. CGM has demonstrated substantial improvements in glycemic control across multiple metrics. Studies report consistent glycosylated hemoglobin reductions of 0.25%–3.0% and notable time in range improvements of 15%–34%. CGM effectively reduces hypoglycemic events, with studies reporting significant reductions in time spent in hypoglycemia. CGM also serves as an educational tool for lifestyle modification, providing real-time feedback that helps patients understand how diet and physical activity affect glucose levels. While skin-related complications remain a concern, technological advancements have addressed many initial concerns. High satisfaction rates and long-term use suggest that device-related issues are manageable with proper education and support. Despite high initial costs, CGM’s prevention of complications and hospitalizations ultimately reduces healthcare expenditures. With appropriate training and support, CGM represents a transformative technology for comprehensive diabetes care.

Keyword

Diabetes mellitus; Blood glucose self-monitoring; Continuous glucose monitoring