Korean J Geriatr Gerontol.
2024 Aug;25(2):105-121. 10.15656/kjgg.2024.25.2.105.
Effect of Stretching Exercises on Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Physical Education, Graduate School, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- 2Pukyong National University, Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, Busan, Korea
- 3Department of Marine Sports, College of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
- KMID: 2566340
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.15656/kjgg.2024.25.2.105
Abstract
- Background
Individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) often adopt compensatory mechanisms to alleviate pain, leading to a limited range of motion (ROM). Stretching exercises are known to improve limited ROM in various settings. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the studies on the effect of stretching exercises on KOA and to synthesize the isolated effects of stretching exercises.
Methods
We systematically searched electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase) for articles published until October 2023, using the search keywords of “knee osteoarthritis” and “stretching exercise” in randomized controlled trials. After detailed qualitative review of each study, they were classified into four categories based on the types of intervention and control groups. Additionally, isolated effects of stretching exercises were quantitatively synthesized through meta-analysis.
Results
Out of 506 studies were retrieved, 19 articles met inclusion criteria for systematic review, and 6 articles (7 trials) with interventions involving isolated stretching exercises were included in the meta-analysis. Detailed characteristics of the studies of stretching exercises, including participants, intervention, comparators and outcome variables, were revealed. Limited studies focusing solely on isolated stretching exercises showed moderate significant improvement in pain and knee joint ROM through meta-analysis.
Conclusion
Stretching exercises can be implemented individually or as parts of combined regimens. In addition, isolated stretching interventions can alleviate pain and improve flexion ROM in individuals with KOA, laying the groundwork for further treatment.
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