Neonatal Med.  2024 Nov;31(3):47-55. 10.5385/nm.2024.31.3.47.

Characteristics of Pregnant Women with Diabetes Mellitus and Their Babies in Korea

• Kim D
• Cho KS
• Lee J

• KMID: 2561516
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2024.31.3.47

Abstract

Purpose
Pregnant women with diabetes mellitus (DM) and their babies are affected by complications and congenital abnormalities during pregnancy. This study aimed to examine the risk factors for cardiac anomalies and the characteristics of pregestational DM and GDM in mothers and babies in Korea.
Methods
This retrospective study used medical records from Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital between January 2013 and July 2021. We studied 1983 infants, with 335 neonates from mothers with DM.
Results
Body weight and body mass index were high in mothers with pregestational DM at delivery (p<0.005). The rate of preterm births was lower in the pregestational DM group than in the GDM group. Furthermore, the cardiac anomaly rate was high in the pregestational DM group (p<0.001). The rate of hyperbilirubinemia in the DM group was higher than that in the control group (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed no significant risk factors for congenital heart disease.
Conclusion
DM in pregnant women is associated with congenital anomalies. Therefore, the appropriate management of mothers with DM is important for the prognosis of their neonates.

Keyword

Diabetes mellitus; Gestational; Congenital abnormalities; Risk factors

Figure

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  Figure 1. Indication of echocardiography and number of neonate performed echocardiograpy. Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; PFO, patent foramen ovale; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; CHD, congenital heart defect.

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