Anxiety Mood.  2024 Apr;20(1):17-26. 10.24986/anxmod.2024.20.1.003.

Development and Validation of the Social Capital and Built Environment Questionnaires

• Yu JA
• Yun JA
• Kim JH
• Kim HM
• Choi KS

• KMID: 2561323
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.24986/anxmod.2024.20.1.003

Abstract

Objective
: The objective of this study is to create questionnaires for Social Capital (SCQ) and Built Environment (BEQ) that can be utilized as protective factors for mental health.
Methods
: A total of 426 adults aged 18 or older, residing in 'D' Metropolitan City in Korea, were included as subjects in this study. Data for subjective evaluation of social capital and built environment were collected through an online survey. Various statistical analyses, such as reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis between PHQ-9 and GAD-7, were conducted.
Results
: The Cronbach’s α values for SCQ and BEQ were 0.94 and 0.90, respectively, indicating good re- liability. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that SCQ consisted of 4 factors, explaining a total of 71.91%, while BEQ consisted of 4 factors, explaining a total of 62.18%. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that both questionnaires had a reasonable configuration, with TLI, CFI, and RMSEA values at an appropriate level. Additionally, both SCQ and BEQ showed negative correlations with depression and anxiety.
Conclusion
: This study has developed a tool for measuring social capital and the built environment in Korea. It also demonstrates the reliability and validity of this questionnaire. The use of this tool could greatly support preventive mental health interventions within the community.

Keyword

Social capital questionnaire; Built environment questionnaire; Social capital; Built environment; Validity; Reliability; Protective factors