Ann Clin Microbiol.  2024 Sep;27(3):155-170. 10.5145/ACM.2024.27.3.2.

Malaria diagnostics: from traditional techniques to cutting-edge solutions

• Han JH
• Han ET

• KMID: 2559790
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2024.27.3.2

Abstract

Recent advancements in malaria diagnostics have revolutionized the detection and management of this deadly disease. From traditional microscopy to rapid diagnostic tests and currently, to cutting-edge molecular techniques, such as isothermal amplification and different types of polymerase chain reactions, significant progress has been witnessed in enhancing the sensitivity, specificity, and accessibility of diagnostic tools. These innovations have enabled rapid and more accurate detection of malarial parasites, especially in regions with limited healthcare infrastructure. Furthermore, integrating information technologyand artificial intelligence-based applications with point of care devices has facilitated realtime data collection and decision-making, ultimately aiding global efforts toward malaria elimination. Although conventional techniques are still employed at field sites, challenges such as high sensitivity, species specificity, cost-effectiveness, scalability, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains persist. These challenges underscore the need for continuous research and development of novel malaria diagnostics.

Keyword

Malaria; Microscopy; Molecular techniques; Points of care tests; Rapid diagnostic tests

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