Korean J Orthod.  2024 Jul;54(4):229-238. 10.4041/kjod23.256.

Prevalence of malocclusions and parafunctional habits in pediatric patients with developmental dyslexia

• Guglielmi F
• Alessandri-Bonetti A
• Gemelli G
• Sangalli L
• Gallenzi P

• KMID: 2558292
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod23.256

Abstract

Objective
The study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental malocclusion, orthodontic parameters, and parafunctional habits in children with developmental dyslexia (DD).
Methods
Forty pediatric patients (67.5% boys and 32.5% girls, mean age: 11.02 ± 2.53 years, range: 6–15 years) with DD were compared with 40 age- and sex-matched healthy participants for prevalence of dental malocclusion, orthodontic parameters, and parafunctional habits. Dental examinations were performed by an orthodontist.
Results
Pediatric patients with DD exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of Angle Class III malocclusion (22.5% vs. 5.0%, P = 0.024), deep bite (27.5% vs. 7.5%, P = 0.019), midline deviation (55.0% vs. 7.5%, P < 0.0001), midline diastemas (32.5% vs. 7.5%, P = 0.010), wear facets (92.5% vs. 15.0%, P < 0.0001), self-reported nocturnal teeth grinding (82.5% vs. 7.5%, P < 0.0001), nail biting (35.0% vs. 0.0%, P < 0.0001), and atypical swallowing (85.0% vs. 17.5%, P < 0.0001) compared to that in healthy controls.
Conclusions
Pediatric patients with DD showed a higher prevalence of Class III malocclusion, greater orthodontic vertical and transverse discrepancies, and incidence of parafunctional activities. Clinicians and dentists should be aware of the vulnerability of children with dyslexia for exhibiting malocclusion and encourage early assessment and multidisciplinary intervention.

Keyword

Malocclusion; Developmental dyslexia; Orthodontic parameters; Learning disorder

Figure

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  Figure 1 Bar chart displays the difference in orthodontic parameters, prevalence of malocclusion, and parafunctional habits between children with DD and controls. DD, developmental dyslexia.

Reference

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