Psychiatry Investig.  2024 Jul;21(7):755-761. 10.30773/pi.2023.0397.

Decreased Serum Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Level in Internet Gaming Disorder

• Cho A
• Lee H
• Cheon DH
• Yoo SY
• Pyeon A
• Chun JW
• Back JH
• Park YE
• Kim DJ
• Lee JE
• Choi JS

• KMID: 2558018
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2023.0397

Abstract

Objective
Vulnerability to internet gaming disorder (IGD) has increased as internet gaming continues to grow. Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is a hormone that plays a role in reward, anxiety, and stress. The purpose of this study was to identify the role of CART in the pathophysiology of IGD.
Methods
The serum CART levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the associations of the serum CART level with psychological variables were analyzed in patients with IGD (n=31) and healthy controls (HC) (n=42).
Results
The serum CART level was significantly lower in the IGD than HC group. The IGD group scored significantly higher than the HC group on the psychological domains of depression, anxiety, the reward response in the Behavioral Activation System and Behavioral Inhibition System. There were no significant correlations between serum CART level and other psychological variables in the IGD group.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that a decrease in the expression of the serum CART level is associated with the vulnerability of developing IGD. This study supports the possibility that CART is a biomarker in the pathophysiology of IGD.

Keyword

Internet gaming disorder; Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript protein; Reward