Int J Thyroidol.  2024 May;17(1):208-244. 10.11106/ijt.2024.17.1.208.

Korean Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules 2024

• Park YJ
• Lee EK
• Song YS
• Kang SH
• Koo BS
• Kim SW
• Na DG
• Baek SK
• Oh SW
• Lee MK
• Lee SW
• Lee YA
• Lee YS
• Lee JY
• Lim DJ
• Joo L
• Jung YS
• Jung CK
• Cho YY
• Chung YJ
• Kim WB
• Yi KH
• Kang HC
• Park DJ

• KMID: 2556517
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11106/ijt.2024.17.1.208

Abstract

Thyroid nodules represent a prevalent condition that is detectable via palpation or ultrasound. In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift toward enhanced diagnostic precision and less aggressive therapeutic approaches, highlighting the growing necessity for tailored clinical recommendations to optimize patient outcomes. The Korean Thyroid Association (KTA) has developed guidelines for managing patients with thyroid nodules, following a comprehensive review by task force members of the relevant literature identified via electronic database searches. The recommendations are provided with a level of recommendation for each section. The guidelines encompass thyroid cancer screening in high-risk groups, appropriate diagnostic methods for thyroid nodules, role of pathologic and molecular marker testing in making a diagnosis, long-term follow-up and treatment of benign thyroid nodules, and special considerations for pregnant women. The major revisions that were made in the 2023 guidelines were the definition of high-risk groups for thyroid cancer screening, application of the revised Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS), addition of the role of core needle biopsy and molecular marker tests, application of active surveillance in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, and updated indications for nonsurgical treatment of benign thyroid nodules. In the 2024 revision of the KTA guidelines for thyroid cancer, the evidence for some recommendations has been updated to address the tumor size in the context of active surveillance in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer and the surgical size cutoff. These evidence-based recommendations serve to inform clinical decision-making in the management of thyroid nodules, thereby facilitating the delivery of optimal and efficacious treatments to patients.

Keyword

Thyroid nodule; Guideline; Diagnosis treatment; Korean Thyroid Association

Figure

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  Fig. 2.A 갑상선결절에 대한 검사 및 치료 알고리즘

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  Fig. 3.1.A 병리조직검사 결과에 따른 갑상선결절의 치료와 추적검사 알고리즘

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  Fig. 4.2.A 병리진단검사의 적응증에 해당하지 않은 갑상선결절의 초음파 소견(K-TIRADS)에 따른 추적검사

Reference

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