Tissue Eng Regen Med.  2024 Jun;21(4):641-651. 10.1007/s13770-023-00615-z.

Implantation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (ADSCs)-Lining Prosthetic Graft Promotes Vascular Regeneration in Monkeys and Pigs

• Zuo X
• Han P
• Yuan D
• Xiao Y
• Huang Y
• Li R
• Jiang X
• Feng L
• Li Y
• Zhang Y
• Zhu P
• Wang H
• Wang N
• Kang YJ

• KMID: 2556271
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-023-00615-z

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Current replacement procedures for stenosis or occluded arteries using prosthetic grafts have serious limitations in clinical applications, particularly, endothelialization of the luminal surface is a long-standing unresolved problem. METHOD: We produced a cell-based hybrid vascular graft using a bioink engulfing adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs) and a 3D bioprinting process lining the ADSCs on the luminal surface of GORE-Tex grafts. The hybrid graft was implanted as an interposition conduit to replace a 3-cm-long segment of the infrarenal abdominal aorta in Rhesus monkeys.
RESULTS
Complete endothelium layer and smooth muscle layer were fully developed within 21 days post-implantation, along with normalized collagen deposition and crosslinking in the regenerated vasculature in all monkeys. The regenerated blood vessels showed normal functionality for the longest observation of more than 1650 days. The same procedure was also conducted in miniature pigs for the interposition replacement of a 10-cm-long right iliac artery and showed the same long-term effective and safe outcome.
CONCLUSION
This cell-based vascular graft is ready to undergo clinical trials for human patients.

Keyword

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs); 3D printing hybrid vascular graft; Long-term animal post-surgery; Vessel regeneration