Int J Stem Cells.  2024 May;17(2):141-146. 10.15283/ijsc24040.

Guidelines for Manufacturing and Application of Organoids: Kidney

• Kang HM
• Kim DS
• Kim YK
• Shin K
• Ahn SJ
• Jung CR

• KMID: 2556233
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.15283/ijsc24040

Abstract

Recent advancements in organoid technology have led to a vigorous movement towards utilizing it as a substitute for animal experiments. Organoid technology offers versatile applications, particularly in toxicity testing of pharmaceuticals or chemical substances. However, for the practical use in toxicity testing, minimal guidance is required to ensure reliability and relevance. This paper aims to provide minimal guidelines for practical uses of kidney organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells as a toxicity evaluation model in vitro.

Keyword

Pluripotent stem cells; Kidney organoids; Toxicity; Standardization

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Aims of guide line; application of the kidney organoid in vitro renal toxicity test.

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  Fig. 2 Summary of guideline; minimal considerations and requirements of kidney organoid for toxicity test in vitro. PSCs: pluripotent stem cells, PS: primitive streak, IM: intermediate mesoderm, MM: metanephric mesenchyme, NPC: nephron progenitor cell, FGF9: fibroblast growth factor 9, BMP4: bone morphogenetic protein 4, ECM: extracellular matrix, PDC: podocytes, PTC: proximal tubule cells, DTC: distal tubule cell.

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  Fig. 3 Representative differentiation protocols for generation of kidney organoids. This serves as an examples of a representative differentiation protocols, but any reproducible differentiation protocol can be utilized for kidney organoids for nephrotoxicity assessments. EB: embryonic body, BMP4: bone morphogenetic protein 4, FGF9: fibroblast growth factor 9, FBS: fetal bovine serum, RV: renal vesicle.

Reference

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