J Korean Soc Emerg Med.  2024 Apr;35(2):134-142.

Serum lipid profiles of patients with acute coronary syndrome who visited the emergency room

• Jung YH
• Cho SH
• Ryu SY

Abstract

Objective
This study examined dyslipidemias in patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome, the changes, and the differences in the lipid profiles, and assessed whether these findings could serve as valuable emergency tests.
Methods
From March 2021 to February 2023, a study was conducted on patients who visited the emergency room and were hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome. The total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides were examined. The patients were classified as unstable angina, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI), and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) for comparison.
Results
The study included 401 patients, among whom 58 (14.5%) had unstable angina, 138 (34.4%) had a nonSTEMI, and 205 (51.1%) had an STEMI. Comparisons among the three groups based on test results revealed increases in the total cholesterol (P=0.002) and LDL (P<0.0001), but no significant differences in the HDL (P=0.920) and triglycerides (P=0.293). A notable difference was observed in LDL (P=0.020) when comparing the normal and abnormal lipid profile groups.
Conclusion
As the disease progressed with unstable angina, non-STEMI, and STEMI, the total cholesterol and LDL increased. In the case of LDL, differences were observed between the normal and elevated groups and as the disease advanced. The lipid profiles in the emergency room are suitable for emergency tests for patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Keyword

Acute coronary syndrome; Cholesterol; Dyslipidemias