J Korean Neurol Assoc.
2024 May;42(2):107-115. 10.17340/jkna.2024.0018.
Approaches to Consciousness Assessment in Neurocritically Ill Patients
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Public Health, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- 2Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- 3Department of Neurology, Gyeonggi Provincial Medical Center Icheon Hospital, Icheon, Korea
- 4Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- 5Department of Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2554814
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.17340/jkna.2024.0018
Abstract
- The majority of neurocritically ill patients have disorders of consciousness. Both level and content of consciousness should be assessed repeatedly throughout the course of patient care. In this review, we describe the definition and diagnostic criteria for disorders of consciousness, and the neurological examination and standardized neurobehavioral assessment tools as methods of assessing consciousness. Next, we will discuss neurophysiological and neuroimaging tests as tools for assessing consciousness: automated quantitative pupillometry, electroencephalogram, evoked potentials, brain imaging, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and biomarkers. We discuss the clinical utility of each assessment tool and the importance of a multimodal approach in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication of disorders of consciousness.
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