J Korean Acad Fundam Nurs.  2024 Feb;31(1):80-89. 10.7739/jkafn.2024.31.1.80.

Factors Influencing the Dietary Behavior of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study

• Jin S
• Song Y

• KMID: 2553074
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7739/jkafn.2024.31.1.80

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the factors that affect the dietary behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by examining their sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes-related characteristics, and treatment self-regulation.
Methods
This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between August and September 2019 at the Hypertension and Diabetes Registration Management Center in South Korea. Data were collected from 109 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis.
Results
Among the investigated variables(nutrition education experience, the number of nutrition education sessions, alcohol consumption, autonomous motivation, externally controlled motivation, and amotivation), the number of nutrition education sessions (β=.19, p=.041), alcohol consumption (yes) (β=-.22, p=.014), and autonomous motivation (β=.21, p=.029) influenced patients’ dietary behavior. These factors explained approximately 12% of the total variance.
Conclusion
To improve the dietary behavior of patients with type 2 diabetes, it is crucial to boost their motivation, implement policies on alcohol consumption, and provide ongoing education on nutrition tailored to their needs.

Keyword

Alcohol drinking; Eating behaviors; Motivation; Type 2 diabetes mellitus