Korean J Anesthesiol.
2024 Feb;77(1):46-57. 10.4097/kja.23392.
European anesthesiologists’ experiences with gender-based mistreatment in the workplace: a secondary multilevel regression analysis
- Affiliations
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- 1Institute of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Salemspital, Hirslanden Medical Group, Bern, Switzerland
- 2Institute for Medical Education, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- 3CINTESIS@RISE, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- 4Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- 5Department of Anesthesia, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- 6Knowledge Management Unit and Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
- 7Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- 8Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Management, University Medical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- KMID: 2551481
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.4097/kja.23392
Abstract
- Background
Workplace gender-based mistreatment (GBM) refers to negative or harmful behaviors directed towards employees. In healthcare settings, this can lead to job dissatisfaction and underperformance and potentially compromise patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine workplace GBM among European anesthesiologists and produce the first European Gender-based Mistreatment Rank in Anesthesiology.
Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis from a worldwide cross-sectional survey database consisting of a 46-item questionnaire exploring, among other outcomes, gender bias attributable to workplace attitudes. The survey completion rate was 80.8%. All respondents were selected from European countries. Associations between mistreatment and the remaining variables were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A generalized linear mixed model was then used to quantify the impact of mistreatment in each European country. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results
This study included 5,795 respondents from 43 European countries. The independent predictors of GBM were as follows: female gender, younger age, perceiving gender as a disadvantage for leadership, and perceiving gender as a disadvantage for research. The full model was statistically significant, indicating an ability to distinguish between those who experienced GBM and those who did not (P < 0.001). Thus, 26 European countries were ranked based on the prevalence of mistreatment, with Italy showing the best performance (lowest prevalence).
Conclusions
The aim of our study was to provide preliminary insight into GBM in anesthesiology in Europe, function as a key benchmark for gender equity, and chart the evolution of disparities over time.
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