Ewha Med J.  2023 Oct;46(4):e21. 10.12771/emj.2023.e21.

Fibromuscular Dysplasia Involving the Iliac Artery and Mimicking Atresia of the Left Iliac Artery

• Kang IS

• KMID: 2547925
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2023.e21

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. CT angiography findings of the lower extremities. (A) The left iliac artery is completely occluded from the aortic bifurcation (circle; “string of beads” appearance of the right external iliac artery from invasive angiography). (B) Atherosclerotic plaques are present in the abdominal aorta and (C) at the bifurcation site. (D) A thread-like hypoplastic left iliac artery is visible. (E−G) Multiple layers of thread-like stenosis (red arrows) and a beaded appearance of the left popliteal artery are evident on CT angiography (orange arrows).

• 

  Fig. 2. Invasive images of the renal arteries. (A) Angiography reveals the typical “string of beads” appearance in both renal arteries. Intravascular ultrasonography indicates varied disease progression. (B) The vessel layers are relatively preserved. (C) There is an intimal fibromuscular ridge and increased medial echogenicity, as indicated by the arrows. (D) Circumferential hyperplasia of the intimal or medial layers is noted, accompanied by denudation of the vessel layers.

Reference

References

1. Olin JW, Gornik HL, Bacharach JM, Biller J, Fine LJ, Gray BH, et al. Fibromuscular dysplasia: state of the science and critical unanswered questions: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2014; 129((9)):1048–1078. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000442577.96802.8c. PMID: 24548843.