Ann Rehabil Med.  2023 Aug;47(4):272-281. 10.5535/arm.23041.

The Effect of Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiovascular Risk Factors Management

• Kim C
• Lee SH

• KMID: 2545323
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5535/arm.23041

Abstract

Objective
To compare the efficacy of home-based cardiac rehabilitation (HBCR) and center-based cardiac rehabilitation (CBCR) in cardiovascular risk factor management.
Methods
We performed retrospective review of the electronic medical records of 72 patients who were hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome and participated in a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program for the first time. The participants were stratified into the HBCR group, receiving educational programs and performing self-exercise at home, and the CBCR group, participating in electrocardiogram monitoring monitoring exercise training in hospital settings. The results of the Lifestyle Questionnaire survey were investigated at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months.
Results
Both groups showed significant improvements in serum low-density lipoprotein levels, frequency of alcohol consumption, eating habits and psychological status. Moderate-intensity exercise duration and the maximal metabolic equivalents values improved significantly in both groups but slightly more in the CBCR group. However, the number of current smokers increased in both groups, and no significant changes were found in body mass index, serum glycated hemoglobin levels, serum high-density lipoprotein levels, or high-intensity exercise duration.
Conclusion
Regardless of the CR program type, a patient’s lifestyle can be modified. Therefore, patients should continue participating in any type of CR program.

Keyword

Acute coronary syndrome; Cardiac rehabilitation; Heart disease risk factors; Life style modification; Secondary prevention

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Flow diagram indicating progress of patients through the study. CR, cardiac rehabilitation; EMRs, electronic medical records.

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  Fig. 2. Six months’ trend of data between the HBCR (dotted line) and CBCR (solid line) groups. (A) BMI (kg/m2), (B) HbA1c (%), (C) LDL (mg/dL), (D) HDL (mg/dL), (E) alcohol habits (day/month), (F) psychological status (1-calm, 2-mild unstable, 3-very unstable), (G) diet habits of eating high-cholesterol food (1-often, 2-sometimes, 3-not), (H) METsmax (mL/kg/min), (I) high-intensity exercise habits (min/week), and (J) moderate-intensity exercise habits (min/week). CBCR, center-based cardiac rehabilitation; HBCR, home-based cardiac rehabilitation; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; METsmax, maximal metabolic equivalents. a)p<0.05, significantly different at 3 and 6 months from the baseline value in both groups, no significant difference between 3 and 6 months in both groups. b)p<0.05, significantly different between the two groups at baseline, no significant difference between the two groups at 3 and 6 months.

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