Perinatology.  2023 Mar;34(1):9-15. 10.14734/PN.2023.34.1.9.

Association between Metabolic Syndrome at First Trimester and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome: A Cohort Study

• Bae JH
• Lee SM
• Jung YM
• Lee J
• Kim US
• Park CW
• Jun JK
• Park JS

• KMID: 2544104
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14734/PN.2023.34.1.9

Abstract

Objective
Recently, several studies reported that metabolic syndrome (MS) can also cause adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). However, the evidence regarding relationship between MS and APO is limited in Asian population, although the outcomes after MS has been reported to have ethnic differences. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between MS and APO (gestational diabetes mellitus [DM], pregnancy associated hypertension [HTN], preterm birth [PTB], small for gestational age, large for gestational age [LGA]) in Korean population.
Methods
This study is the secondary analysis of the database from a multicenter prospective cohort. The study population was divided into groups with or without MS, and the relationship between APO at delivery was compared. In addition, the risk of APO according to each diagnostic component of MS was examined.
Results
The incidence of APO, especially the risk of gestational DM, PTB, LGA, and cesarean delivery was increased in women with MS. In addition, when examining each MS diagnostic component, all of them were associated to the risk of APO. For specific complications, abdominal obesity increased the risk of gestational DM, pregnancy associated HTN, LGA, and cesarean delivery, high blood pressure increased the risk of gestational DM and pregnancy associated HTN, and hyperglycemia increased the risk of gestational DM and PTB, whereas hypertriglyceridemia, and low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased only the risk of gestational DM.
Conclusion
Pregnant women with MS in early pregnancy had increased risk of APO. Therefore, patient counseling regarding preventive strategies should be discussed in women with MS.

Keyword

Metabolic syndrome; Pregnancy outcome; Gestational diabetes; Preeclampsia; Premature birth