Acute Crit Care.  2023 Feb;38(1):68-75. 10.4266/acc.2022.01375.

Risk factors for hospital mortality in intensive care unit survivors: a retrospective cohort study

• e Silva LGA
• de Maio Carrilho CMD
• Talizin TB
• Cardoso LTQ
• Lavado EL
• Grion CMC

• KMID: 2540316
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2022.01375

Abstract

Background
Deaths can occur after a patient has survived treatment for a serious illness in an intensive care unit (ICU). Mortality rates after leaving the ICU can be considered indicators of health care quality. This study aims to describe risk factors and mortality of surviving patients discharged from an ICU in a university hospital.
Methods
Retrospective cohort study carried out from January 2017 to December 2018. Data on age, sex, length of hospital stay, diagnosis on admission to the ICU, hospital discharge outcome, presence of infection, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score III (SAPS 3) prognostic score were collected. Infected patients were considered as those being treated for an infection on discharge from the ICU. Patients were divided into survivors and non-survivors on leaving the hospital. The association between the studied variables was performed using the logistic regression model.
Results
A total of 1,025 patients who survived hospitalization in the ICU were analyzed, of which 212 (20.7%) died after leaving the ICU. When separating the groups of survivors and non-survivors according to hospital outcome, the median age was higher among non-survivors. Longer hospital stays and higher SAPS 3 score values were observed among non-survivors. In the logistic regression, the variables age, length of hospital stay, SAPS 3, presence of infection, and readmission to the ICU were associated with hospital mortality.
Conclusions
Infection on ICU discharge, ICU readmission, age, length of hospital stay, and SAPS 3 score increased risk of death in ICU survivors.

Keyword

bacterial resistance; Patient Discharge; disease severity score; intensive therapy; mortality

Figure

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  Figure 1. Flowchart of patients.

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  Figure 2. Analysis of 90-day survival after intensive care unit discharge of 1,025 patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis shows a median 49,000 days (95% confidence interval, 42.987–55.013) intensive care unit discharge and 200 death events in 90 days.

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