Korean J Neurotrauma.  2022 Oct;18(2):161-168. 10.13004/kjnt.2022.18.e53.

Prognosis Prediction in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury According to Initial Time of Brain Computed Tomography Scan Using the Rotterdam Scoring System

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
  • 2Department of Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
  • 3Korea Neuro-Trauma Data Bank Committee, Korea Neurotraumatology Society, Seoul, Korea

Abstract


Objective
The Rotterdam scoring system (RSS) is useful for prognosis prediction in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). It comprises basal cistern, midline shifting (MLS), epidural hematoma (EDH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)/intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) status. Brain computed tomography (CT) is important to assessing patients with sTBI; however, results often change over time. We aimed to determine whether RSS outcome prediction differs by initial brain CT scan time after the trauma in patients with sTBI.
Methods
We used data from the second Korea Neurotrauma Data Bank, and analyzed 455 patients; RSS, Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) on 6-months, and the CT scan time were obtained. Unfavorable outcomes were defined as a GOSE score of 1–4. Participants were divided into 2 groups according to when brain CT scan was performed (> or ≤ 2 hours after trauma). The relationship between the prognosis of patients with sTBI and RSS score was examined by calculating the odds ratios. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.
Results
In both univariate and multivariate analysis, the total RSS and basal cistern status were statistically correlated with prognosis in both groups. EDH and SAH/IVH showed statistically significant difference according to CT scan time. MLS was associated with prognosis in both groups in univariate analysis although not in multivariate analysis.
Conclusion
The total RSS score predicted prognosis 6 months after trauma in patients with sTBI, regardless of CT scan time. However, the prognostic predictive power of each item constituting the RSS varied according to CT scan time.

Keyword

Traumatic brain injury; Tomography, X-ray computed; Mortality; Treatment outcome; Glasgow Outcome Scale
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