Asian Nurs Res.  2022 Dec;16(5):265-274. 10.1016/j.anr.2022.10.002.

Development and Evaluation of a Mobile Web-based Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Management Educational Program for Parents of School-aged Children with Food Allergy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

• Kwen H
• Oh PJ

• KMID: 2538354
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2022.10.002

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to develop a mobile web-based food allergy (FA) and anaphylaxis management educational program for parents of school-aged children with food allergies and evaluate its effectiveness.
Methods
A mobile program was developed based on a web-based teaching-learning system model. Its effectiveness was subsequently evaluated using a parallel, randomized controlled pre- and post-test design. This study included 73 parents of school-aged children with food allergies. These parents were randomly assigned to either the experimental (n ¼ 37) or control (n ¼ 36) groups. The experimental group participated in a 2-week mobile web-based educational program that covered major topics in FA and anaphylaxis management. These topics included an understanding of food allergies and anaphylaxis, learning techniques for using an epinephrine auto-injector, and developing an emergency action plan. An educational booklet was provided to the control group. Participants completed a pre-test and two posttest questionnaires to evaluate the impact of the program. The assessment tools were the Food Allergy Knowledge Test, Food Allergy Self-Efficacy for Parents, and Food Management and Adaptation Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a test of homogeneity for the pre-test, an independent ttest, and repeated measures ANOVA.
Results
The experimental group experienced greater improvement in the knowledge of FA (postintervention t ¼ 14.51, p < .001; 2 weeks post-intervention, t ¼ 16.15, p < .001), FA self-efficacy (postintervention t ¼ 77.99, p < .001; 2 weeks post-intervention, t ¼ 76.09, p < .001), and practice behavior in FA management (post-intervention t ¼ 28.10, p < .001; 2 weeks post-intervention, t ¼ 27.98, p < .001) after web-based FA education.
Conclusion
This study revealed improvements in the knowledge, self-efficacy, and practice behaviors of parents regarding FA and anaphylaxis management. Therefore, the mobile web-based educational program can contribute to the effective management of food allergies and anaphylaxis for parents of schoolaged children. CRIS registration: KCT0007491.

Keyword

food allergy; health behavior; internet-based intervention; parents