Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab.  2022 Dec;27(4):289-299. 10.6065/apem.2142230.115.

Cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome based on severity of obesity in Korean children and adolescents: data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018

• Kim M
• Kim J

• KMID: 2537241
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.6065/apem.2142230.115

Abstract

Purpose
Data regarding cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) by body mass index (BMI) category in Korean youth are sparse.
Methods
Among the participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018, 9,984 youth aged 10–18 years were included in the study. Participants were classified into 4 groups based on BMI status: normal weight, overweight, class I, and class II/III obesity. CMRF prevalence, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and MetS, were determined using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and modified National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP) III criteria based on BMI category.
Results
The prevalence of overweight, class I, class II, and class III obesity was 9.52%, 7.73%, 2.10%, and 0.32%, respectively. Mean CMRF values increased with BMI, except high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for prediction of CMRFs also increased with BMI. Adjusted ORs for MetS among overweight, class I, and class II/II obesity were 54.2, 283.3, and 950.3 for IDF criteria and 9.56, 37.9, and 126.8 for NCEP-ATP III criteria, respectively (all p<0.001).
Conclusion
Class II and III obesity in Korean children and adolescents was associated with significantly increased CMRF and MetS prevalence. Therefore, it can be useful to measure CMRFs in obese children and adolescents. Further studies are required to establish screening guidelines based on obesity severity.

Keyword

Class I obesity; Class II/III obesity; Child; Adolescents; Metabolic syndrome; Cardiometabolic risk factors

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Prevalences of CMRFs and MetS based on BMI category. CMRFs, cardiometabolic risk factors; BMI, body mass index; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; MetS, metabolic syndrome; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; NCEP-ATP III, National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III.

Reference

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