J Vet Sci.  2022 Nov;23(6):e81. 10.4142/jvs.22105.

Clinical features and management of snake bites in 70 dogs in Korea

• Kim D
• Kim S
• Kim JK
• Lim JH
• Choi G
• Bae S
• Kwon YS
• Jang M

• KMID: 2536702
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.22105

Abstract

Background
Snakebites remain a devastating and life-threatening environmental hazard. While the management of snakebites has been well described in humans, few clinical data and guidelines exist for dogs, especially in Korea.
Objectives
This retrospective study evaluated the clinical features of 70 dogs with snakebite wounds in Korea.
Methods
The medical records of 72 dogs that presented to three animal hospitals from June 2008 to July 2021 were reviewed; among these, 70 dogs that met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Their signalment, history, clinical signs, physical examination, blood analysis, treatment, and prognosis were also evaluated.
Results
Of 70 dog owners, 35 (50%) witnessed the bite, with a mean time between bite and hospital presentation of 9.7 ± 4.1 h in 58 dogs. Blood smears were evaluated in 45 dogs, of which 28 (62%) showed echinocytosis. Anemia and acute kidney injury were found in 21 (29%) and 2 dogs (3%), respectively. A total of 37 dogs (53%) were hospitalized, 5 (7%) of which died.
Conclusions
The most significant finding was the high prevalence of echinocytosis. The data from this retrospective study could inform the management of dogs bitten by snakes in Korea.

Keyword

Snakebites; mamushi; echinocytosis; dogs; antivenin