J Korean Soc Emerg Med.  2022 Oct;33(5):506-515.

Effect of post-treatment fluvastatin for hemorrhagic shock in rats

• Kim OH
• Kim SK
• Jung SH
• Hwang SO
• Kim H
• Cha K
• Cha YS
• An GJ
• Lee KH

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the biochemical, histologic, and immunologic effects of post-treatment administration of fluvastatin in a hemorrhagic shock (HS) rat model.
Methods
Experimental rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group: no drugs and did not undergo HS; control statin group: fluvastatin 1 mg/kg (no HS); HS group: normal saline after HS; HS+statin group: fluvastatin 1 mg/kg+normal saline after HS. Briefly, HS was induced by femoral arterial catheter blood extraction of 30% of the total blood volume. The mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored for 2 hours after starting blood withdrawal. Arterial blood gas, complete blood count, and serum cytokine levels were measured at baseline, 2 hours after HS, and 48 hours after resuscitation. The kidneys, lungs, and small intestines were removed for pathological examination 48 hours after HS.
Results
At the end of the resuscitation period, the HS and HS+statin groups showed reduced bicarbonate, base excess, and platelet counts, all of which differed significantly from values in the control and control+statin groups. Compared to the control group, the HS+statin group exhibited significantly elevated serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) at 2 hours after resuscitation (P<0.05). Except for IL-10, the group-time interaction was not significant for other cytokine profiles.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that post-treatment with fluvastatin after HS increases the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and affects the cytokine profiles in rats.

Keyword

Hemorrhagic shock; Traumatic shock; Cytokines; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors