Korean J Adult Nurs.  2022 Oct;34(5):498-511. 10.7475/kjan.2022.34.5.498.

Effects of Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, and Social Support on Health-related Quality of Life in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

• Lee ES
• Kim HS
• Kang JH
• Kim HK

• KMID: 2534894
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2022.34.5.498

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the impact of health literacy, self-efficacy, and social support on the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Korean patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI).
Methods
A cross-sectional design was used, and a total of 189 participants were enrolled. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires and patient medical records between September and November of 2021. Health literacy, self-efficacy, social support, and HRQoL were measured. The HRQoL was measured using the 12-item Short Form Survey, which included Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS). Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 26.0 program.
Results
The findings revealed statistically significant differences in the PCS according to gender, presence of hypertension, exercise, and sleep state. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences in the MCS according to disease period and stress management. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that higher social support was a significant factor of better PCS (p<.005). Higher health literacy, self-efficacy, and social support were significant factors of better MCS (p<.005).
Conclusion
Nurses should play a key role in providing social support to ACS patients, particularly to female patients and patients with hypertension and poor sleep state and no regular exercise for better PCS. Also, nurses should think about how to promote health literacy, self-efficacy, and social support for better MCS, particularly in ACS patients who had undergone PCI, had longer diagnosis periods, and had no stress management.

Keyword

Percutaneous coronary intervention; Quality of life; Health literacy; Self-efficacy; Social support