J Pharmacoepidemiol Risk Manage.  2021 Mar;13(1):1-9. 10.56142/2021.13.1.1.

Recent Updates on Diagnosis and Prevention of Hypersensitivity Reactions to Iodinated Contrast Media

• Kim S

• KMID: 2534642
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.56142/2021.13.1.1

Abstract

Iodinated contrast media (ICM) have become one of the major causes of drug hypersensitivity reactions with the increase in ICM-based radiological imaging. The strategies for diagnosing and preventing ICM-induced hypersensitivity reactions have not yet been standardized, but there are some advances based on the results of recent researches. A previous history of hypersensitivity to ICM is the most significant risk factor for the development of hypersensitivity reaction by ICM. The avoidance of culprit agents and premedication is the main strategy to prevent the recurrence of hypersensitivity reactions in high-risk patients. In addition, it is now recommended to identify sensitized ICM using skin tests and drug provocation tests in selected cases, which can determine IgE-mediated or delayed-type allergy, and guide the choice of an alternative contrast agent. In this paper, we review how to evaluate the patients who have experienced the immediate or delayed hypersensitivity caused by ICM to minimize the risk of recurrence, and discuss unmet needs that require further research.

Keyword

Iodinated contrast media; Hypersensitivity; Drug allergy; Skin tests