J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs.  2022 Sep;33(3):290-298. 10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.3.290.

Factors Influencing Self-esteem Changes in Multicultural Adolescents: Using a Linear Mixed Model

• Seo J
• Park MA
• Han M

• KMID: 2533940
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2022.33.3.290

Abstract

Purpose
This study was conducted to determine factors influencing changes in the self-esteem of multicultural adolescents over time.
Methods
A longitudinal design was adopted to analyze secondary data. This study used the 2nd, 4th, and 6th year data of Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS) collected by the Korea Youth Policy Institute. The linear mixed model was utilized to analyze self-esteem changes over time.
Results
The factors of sex and age of the students, the mother’s Korean writing ability, and the Filipino or Japanese mothers had a significant effect on the self-esteem change of multi-cultural adolescents over time. Specifically, it was found that female students’ self-esteem was decreased by 0.04 (t=-2.39, p=.017) more than male students over time. As the subject’s age and mother’s Korean writing ability increased, self-esteem was decreased by 0.01 (t=-2.53, p=.011) and 0.03 (t=-2.52, p=.012) over time. In addition, compared to that of those who had mothers from Korea, self-esteem of those who had Filipino or Japanese mothers was decreased by 0.04 significantly.
Conclusion
Therefore, when developing a self-esteem promotion program, it is necessary to develop content by reflecting the characteristics of mothers as well as the gender and age of students. Furthermore, the significance of this study is in that it established a foundation for a positive self-identity of multicultural adolescents whose number is increasing recently by identifying factors affecting their self-esteem.

Keyword

Adolescent; Self-esteem; Linear model