J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs.  2022 Jun;31(2):139-149. 10.12934/jkpmhn.2022.31.2.139.

Firefighters’ Perceptions of Psychological Intervention Programs in South Korea during the COVID-19 Pandemic

• Kwak M
• Im M

• KMID: 2531639
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2022.31.2.139

Abstract

Purpose
Firefighters belong to an occupational group that is consistently exposed to psychological challenges, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study examines firefighters’ perceptions of psychological intervention programs.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 firefighters who were divided into two focus groups. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results
Six barriers and seven suggestions regarding psychological intervention programs were identified. The barriers were “work overload”, “uncomfortable counseling situation”, “perfunctory programs”, “lack of consulting specialists”, “limited number of participants”, and “lack of replacement workers while attending the intervention programs”. Suggestions to overcome these barriers included developing “sustainable” and “highly accessible” intervention programs “focused on positive aspects of traumatic events”, considering “job characteristics” and “individual psychosocial characteristics”, as well as employing “experts with knowledge of firefighters’ duties”, and “creating a supportive work environment for psychological intervention”.
Conclusion
Based on these findings, the interventions should focus on the positive aspects of traumatic events, with flexibility and practicality, tailored to the individual and occupational characteristics of firefighters.

Keyword

Firefighters; Focus group; Interview; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Psychological intervention