Int Neurourol J.  2022 Jun;26(2):92-101. 10.5213/inj.2142124.062.

Nano-BTA: A New Strategy for Intravesical Delivery of Botulinum Toxin A

• Liu Q
• Liao L

• KMID: 2531413
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5213/inj.2142124.062

Abstract

Botulinum neurotoxin subtype A (BoNT-A) has been part of the urology treatment arsenal since it was first used in the treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia more than 30 years ago. BoNT-A has been recommended as an effective treatment for neurogenic detrusor overactivity and overactive bladder. However, direct intradetrusor injection of BoNT-A using cystoscopy after anesthesia may cause hematuria, pain, and infection; these adverse events have motivated urologists to find less invasive and more convenient ways to administer BoNT-A. The development of nanotechnology has led to the advancement of intravesical drug delivery. Using versatile nanocarriers to transport BoNT-A across the impermeable urothelium is a promising therapeutic option. In this review, we discuss the effectiveness and feasibility of liposomes, thermosensitive polymeric hydrogels, and hyaluronan-phosphatidylethanolamine as carriers of BoNT-A for intravesical instillation. To date, these carriers have not reached a similar efficacy as intradetrusor injections in long-term observations. Hopefully, researchers will make a breakthrough with new nanomaterials to develop clinical applications in the future.

Keyword

Botulinum neurotoxin subtype A; Overactive bladder; Nanocarriers; Intravesical drug delivery