Korean J Med.  2022 Jun;97(3):150-163. 10.3904/kjm.2022.97.3.150.

Consensus Document on Perioperative Antithrombotic Management: Part 1. A Review

Affiliations
  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon; Korea
  • 2Department of Cardiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon; Korea
  • 3Department of Cardiology, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju; Korea
  • 4Department of Cardiology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam; Korea
  • 5Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea Universty College of Medicine, Seoul; Korea
  • 6Department of Cardiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon; Korea
  • 7Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul; Korea
  • 8Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yeonsei University College of Medicine, Wonju; Korea
  • 9Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yeonsei University College of Medicine, Wonju; Korea
  • 10Department of Cardiology, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yeonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Korea
  • 11Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam; Korea
  • 12Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam; Korea
  • 13Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam; Korea
  • 14Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Seoul Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Korea
  • 15Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul; Korea
  • 16Division of Cardiovascular, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul; Korea
  • 17Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea

Abstract

The prevalence of ischemic heart disease is steadily growing as populations age. Antithrombotic treatment is a key therapeutic modality for the prevention of secondary cerebro-cardiovascular disease. Patients with acute coronary syndrome or who are undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention must be treated with dual antiplatelet therapy for a mandatory period. The optimal perioperative antithrombotic regimen remains debatable; antithrombotics can cause bleeding. Inadequate antithrombotic regimens are associated with perioperative ischemic events, but continuation of therapy may increase the risks of perioperative hemorrhagic complications (including mortality). Many guidelines on the perioperative management of antithrombotic agents have been established by academic societies. However, the existing guidelines do not cover all specialties, nor do they describe the thrombotic and hemorrhagic risks associated with various surgical interventions. Moreover, few practical recommendations on the modification of antithrombotic regimens in patients who require non-deferrable interventions/surgeries or procedures associated with a high risk of hemorrhage have appeared. Therefore, cardiologists, specialists performing invasive procedures, surgeons, dentists, and anesthesiologists have not come to a consensus on optimal perioperative antithrombotic regimens. The Korean Platelet-Thrombosis Research Group presented a positioning paper on perioperative antithrombotic management. We here discuss commonly encountered clinical scenarios and engage in evidence-based discussion to assist individualized, perioperative antithrombotic management in clinical practice.

Keyword

심근허혈; 이중항혈소판제; 항응고제; 수술; Myocardial ischemia; Dual anti-platelet therapy; Anticoagulants; Surgical procedures, operative
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