Pediatr Infect Vaccine.  2022 Apr;29(1):54-60. 10.14776/piv.2022.29.e3.

Nontyphoidal Salmonella Meningitis in an Immunocompetent Child

• Moon HJ
• Lee Y
• Han MS

• KMID: 2529864
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14776/piv.2022.29.e3

Abstract

Salmonella meningitis is rare yet poses causes significant neurological morbidity in children. Infants, especially those under 3 months of age, and those with immunocompromised states, such as malignancy, malaria, and human immunodeficiency virus infection, are at increased risk for developing Salmonella meningitis. Herein, we describe a case of Salmonella meningitis in a previous healthy 8-year-old girl who presented with high fever, vomiting, and altered mental status. Group D Salmonella species were isolated in cerebrospinal fluid culture, and no abnormal findings were noted in brain magnetic resonance imaging. Immunoglobulin levels and lymphocyte subset counts were within the normal ranges, and no genetic mutation responsible for primary immunodeficiency disease was detected by next-generation sequencing. The patient’s condition improved rapidly with third-generation cephalosporin, and no complications or sequalae developed. Nontyphoidal Salmonella can cause meningitis in immunocompetent children and can be successfully treated with early administration of antibiotics.

Keyword

Meningitis; Salmonella; Immunocompetence; Child