J Liver Cancer.  2022 Mar;22(1):23-29. 10.17998/jlc.2022.02.24.

Recent updates on the classification of hepatoblastoma according to the International Pediatric Liver Tumors Consensus

• Jeong SU
• Kang HJ

• KMID: 2528293
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.17998/jlc.2022.02.24

Abstract

Hepatoblastoma is the most common pediatric liver malignancy and usually occurs within the first 3 years of life. In recent years, the overall incidence of hepatoblastoma has exhibited the greatest increase among all pediatric malignancies worldwide. The diagnosis of hepatoblastoma may be challenging due to the lack of a current consensus classification system. The International Pediatric Liver Tumors Consensus introduced guidelines and a consensus classification for the diagnosis of hepatoblastoma as either epithelial or mixed epithelial and mesenchymal and in the updated 5^th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Digestive System Tumors.

Keyword

Hepatoblastoma; Subtype; Classification; Pathology

Figure

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  Figure 1 Hepatoblastoma, epithelial type, fetal subtype. (A) Fetal with low mitotic activity (well-differentiated) subtype (hematoxylin & eosin [H&E], ×400) and (B) fine glypican 3 expression (×400). (C) Fetal, mitotically active (crowded fetal) subtype, mitosis (arrows) (H&E, ×400) and (D) strongly coarse glypican 3 expression (×400). (E) Fetal, pleomorphic subtype (H&E, ×400) and (F) strongly coarse expression of glypican 3 (×400).

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  Figure 2 Hepatoblastoma, epithelial type, other subtypes. (A) Hepatoblastoma, embryonal subtype (H&E, ×200). (B) Hepatoblastoma, small-cell undifferentiated subtype (H&E, ×200). (C) Hepatoblasoma, macrotrabecular subtype (H&E, ×100).

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  Figure 3 Hepatoblastoma, mixed epithelial and mesenchymal type, without teratoid feature subtype. (A) Fibrous tissue (H&E, ×400). (B) Osteoid (H&E, ×200). (C) Hyaline cartilage (H&E, ×200)

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  Figure 4 Hepatoblastoma, mixed epithelial and mesenchymal type with teratoid feature subtype. (A) Bone (H&E, ×100), (B) glial element (H&E, ×200), (C) melanin pigment (H&E, ×200), and (D) melanin pigment (Fontana-Masson stain, ×200). (E) Mucinous gland (H&E, ×200). (F) Mucinous gland (mucicarmine stain, ×200).

Reference

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