Korean Circ J.  2022 Mar;52(3):205-217. 10.4070/kcj.2021.0188.

Prognostic Impact of Left Atrial Strain After Mitral Valve Repair Surgery in Patients With Severe Mitral Regurgitation

Affiliations
  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Sejong, Korea
  • 2Department of Cardiology in Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
  • 3Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 4Division of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The prognostic value of left atrial (LA) function in terms of long-term clinical outcomes after mitral regurgitation (MR) surgery remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the impact of preoperative LA global longitudinal strain (LAGLS) on the long-term postoperative clinical outcomes in chronic severe MR patients who underwent mitral valve (MV) repair surgery.
Methods
From January 2012 to December 2017, we analyzed 338 patients (mean age, 51.9±12.5 years; 218 males [64.5%]) treated with MV repair surgery for severe MR. The primary outcome was cardiovascular events, defined as the composite of all-cause death, newly developed atrial fibrillation (AF), and re-hospitalization for cardiovascular causes.
Results
During a median follow-up of 45 months (interquartile range, 26–65), 30 (8.9%) cardiovascular events, 5 (1.5%) all-cause death, 8 (2.4%) newly developed AF, and 26 (7.7%) re-hospitalizations occurred. On multivariable analysis, baseline LAGLS was an independent predictor of cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% confidential interval [CI], 0.85–0.97; p=0.004) and re-hospitalization (adjusted HR, 0.93; 95% CI,0.86–1.00; p=0.037). According to the optimal cutoff value of LAGLS, patients with low LAGLS (<23.6%) had a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular events (adjusted HR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.04–7.00; p=0.041) than those with high LAGLS (≥23.6%). In a subgroup analysis, patients with high LAGLS had better clinical outcomes regardless of whether the patient had a LA volume index <60 mL/m2 .
Conclusions
In patients with chronic severe MR who received successful MV repair surgery, preoperative LAGLS is an independent predictor of long-term postoperative outcomes.

Keyword

Mitral regurgitation; Mitral annuloplasty; Surgery; Prognosis; Strain echocardiography

Figure

  • Figure 1 Change in LA size and volume before and after mitral valve repair surgery. LA anteroposterior diameter and LAVimax are shown for all patients (A and B) and for patients with or without CV events (C and D). Data are displayed as the median value, with 25th and 75th percentiles (whiskers).CV = cardiovascular; LA = left atrial; LAVimax = left atrial maximal volume index.*p < 0.05.

  • Figure 2 Time course of the LA global longitudinal strain before and after mitral valve repair surgery. The LA global longitudinal strain at baseline, immediately after surgery, and 1-year after surgery is shown according to presence of CV events. Box-plot indicates the median value, and the 25th and 75th percentiles; whiskers depict the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles.CV = cardiovascular; LA = left atrial.

  • Figure 3 Comparison of outcomes between high and low baseline LAGLS groups. Cumulative incidence curves for cardiovascular events (A) and all-cause death (B) based on the optimal cutoff value of LAGLS (23.6%). High LAGLS: LAGLS ≥ 23.6%.LAGLS = left atrial global longitudinal strain.

  • Figure 4 Subgroup analysis for cardiovascular events. HRs, adjusted by variables identified as significant determinants in the final multivariable model, are shown for the high LAGLS group in comparison with the low LAGLS group. HRs lower than 1 indicate a lower risk of cardiovascular events.CV = cardiovascular; HR = hazard ratio; LA = left atrium; LAGLS = left atrial global longitudinal strain; LV = left ventricle; PH = pulmonary hypertension; RV = right ventricle.


Cited by  2 articles

Expanding Role of Left Atrial Strain in Valvular Heart Disease
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Korean Circ J. 2022;52(3):218-219.    doi: 10.4070/kcj.2022.0004.

Current Unmet Needs and Clues to the Solution in the Management of Tricuspid Regurgitation
Byung Joo Sun, Jae-Hyeong Park
Korean Circ J. 2022;52(6):414-428.    doi: 10.4070/kcj.2022.0117.


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