J Nutr Health.  2022 Feb;55(1):101-119. 10.4163/jnh.2022.55.1.101.

Nutritional intake of women in their twenties according to different degree of inclusion of animal foods: based on the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

• Jeon B
• Lee J
• Yoon E

• KMID: 2526926
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2022.55.1.101

Abstract

Purpose
This study examined the demographics, health status, dietary habits, energy, nutrient intake, and protein intake based on levels of inclusion of animal food among females in their 20s by using data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Methods
The subjects (n = 912) were divided into 4 groups according to the frequency of animal foods consumed which were categorized as meat, seafood, eggs, and dairy products, or other animal-derived foods.
Results
The subjects with a lower frequency of animal food intake ate out less frequently. As the frequency of animal food intake decreased, the total energy intake too decreased with higher carbohydrate and lower protein intake ratios. In the low frequency of animal food intake group, a higher proportion of subjects had energy intake below the estimated energy requirement and the intake of protein, vitamin B ₁ , vitamin B ₂ , niacin, calcium, phosphorus, and iron were below the estimated average requirements. The average protein intake was more than the recommended 45 g in all four groups. However, the lower the frequency of animal food intake, the higher the proportion of people having lower protein intake compared to the recommended intake of 0.91 g per kg body weight. It became apparent that people who do not consume animal foods at all did not meet the recommended levels of protein intake. Thus, people pursuing a vegan diet may be at risk of low protein intake.
Conclusion
This study suggests that economic characteristics, dietary habits, energy, and nutrient intake are affected by the frequency of animal food consumed, or in other words, by the degree of vegetable-centered diet. Thus, this study would help improve the perception of vegetarianism, develop individualized dietary guidance and nutrition education programs for people practicing vegan or vegetarian diets to ensure that they have a balanced diet.

Keyword

vegetarians; nutrient intake; protein; health status