Investig Magn Reson Imaging.
2021 Dec;25(4):209-217. 10.13104/imri.2021.25.4.209.
Principles of Magnetic Resonance Angiography Techniques
- Affiliations
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- 1Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- 2Graduate Program in Smart Factory, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2526476
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.13104/imri.2021.25.4.209
Abstract
- Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) plays an important role in accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning for patients with arterial disease. Contrastenhanced (CE) MRA is fast and robust, offering hemodynamic information of arterial flow, but involves the risk of a side effect called nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Various non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) MRA techniques have been developed by utilizing the fact that arterial blood is moving fast compared to background tissues.NCE MRA is completely free of any safety issues, but has different drawbacks for various approaches. This review article describes basic principles of CE and NCE MRA techniques with a focus on how to generate angiographic image contrast from a pulse sequence perspective. Advantages, pitfalls, and key applications are also discussed for each MRA method.
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