J Korean Med Assoc.  2021 Nov;64(11):728-733. 10.5124/jkma.2021.64.11.728.

Diagnosis and treatment of congenital scoliosis

• Park KB

• KMID: 2522448
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2021.64.11.728

Abstract

Background
Congenital scoliosis is caused by anomalies of the vertebra, such as hemivertebra or unsegmented bar, which result in asymmetric growth of the spine. The disruption of vertebra development during embryogenesis may be accompanied by other congenital multi-organ anomalies. The progression of the scoliotic curve may also hinder the development of other organs.
Current Concepts
Hemivertebra excision and short spinal fusion have demonstrated favorable outcomes. However, the need for spinal growth and lung development has led to new treatment modalities. Growth-friendly surgeries, such as with a growing rod or vertical expandable rib-based distraction device, have demonstrated good results with curve correction while maintaining spinal growth. Although the outcome of conservative treatment for congenital scoliosis is questionable, casting may be effective as a “time-buying strategy” to delay the need for surgery.
Discussion and Conclusion
It is essential to decide on a treatment plan considering the progression of the curve and growth of the spine and lungs through an individualized approach.

Keyword

Spinal diseases; Congenital scoliosis; Diagnosis; Treatment; 척추질환; 선천성 척추측만증; 진단; 치료