Ann Coloproctol.
2021 Oct;37(5):318-325. 10.3393/ac.2020.08.26.
Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis for Ulcerative Colitis: An Australian Institution’s Experience
- Lim MH
1 - Lord AR2
- Simms LA2
- Hanigan K2
- Edmundson A2
- Rickard MJ3,4
- Stitz R5
- Clark DA4,5,6
- Radford-Smith GL1,2,6
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- 2Gut Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- 3Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- 4Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- 5Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- 6Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- KMID: 2521902
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3393/ac.2020.08.26
Abstract
- Purpose
We report outcomes and evaluate patient factors and the impact of surgical evolution on outcomes in consecutive ulcerative colitis patients who had restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) at an Australian institution over 26 years.
Methods
Data including clinical characteristics, preoperative medical therapy, and surgical outcomes were collected. We divided eligible patients into 3 period arms (period 1, 1990 to 1999; period 2, 2000 to 2009; period 3, 2010 to 2016). Outcomes of interest were IPAA leak and pouch failure.
Results
A total of 212 patients were included. Median follow-up was 50 (interquartile range, 17 to 120) months. Rates of early and late complications were 34.9% and 52.0%, respectively. Early complications included wound infection (9.4%), pelvic sepsis (8.0%), and small bowel obstruction (6.6%) while late complications included small bowel obstruction (18.9%), anal stenosis (16.8%), and pouch fistula (13.3%). Overall, IPAA leak rate was 6.1% and pouch failure rate was 4.8%. Eighty-three patients (42.3%) experienced pouchitis. Over time, we observed an increase in patient exposure to thiopurine (P=0.0025), cyclosporin (P=0.0002), and anti-tumor necrosis factor (P<0.00001) coupled with a shift to laparoscopic technique (P<0.00001), stapled IPAA (P<0.00001), J pouch configuration (P<0.00001), a modified 2-stage procedure (P=0.00012), and a decline in defunctioning ileostomy rate at time of IPAA (P=0.00002). Apart from pouchitis, there was no significant difference in surgical and chronic inflammatory pouch outcomes with time.
Conclusion
Despite greater patient exposure to immunomodulatory and biologic therapy before surgery coupled with a significant change in surgical techniques, surgical and chronic inflammatory pouch outcome rates have remained stable.
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