Clin Endosc.  2021 Sep;54(5):722-729. 10.5946/ce.2020.283.

High Sensitivity of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration and Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Biopsy in Lymphadenopathy Caused by Metastatic Disease: A Prospective Comparative Study

• Hedenström P
• Chatzikyriakos V
• Shams R
• Lewerin C
• Sadik R

• KMID: 2520556
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.283

Abstract

Background/Aims
The diagnostic work-up of lymphadenopathy is challenging but important to determine the correct therapy. Nevertheless, few studies have addressed the topic of endosonography (EUS)-guided tissue acquisition in lymphadenopathy. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy and safety of EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy sampling (EUS-FNB) in intrathoracic and intraabdominal lymphadenopathy.
Methods
In a tertiary care center, patients with lymphadenopathy referred for EUS-guided sampling were included prospectively from 2014 to 2019 (NCT02360839). In all cases, EUS-FNB (22 gauge) and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) (25 gauge) were performed. The patients were randomized to the first needle pass with FNB or FNA. Study outcomes were the diagnostic accuracy and adverse event rate.
Results
Forty-eight patients were included (median age: 69 years [interquartile range, 59–76]; 24/48 females [50%]). The final diagnoses were metastasis (n=17), lymphoma (n=11), sarcoidosis (n=6), and inflammatory disease (n=14). The diagnostic performance of the two modalities was comparable, including a high sensitivity for metastatic nodes (EUS-FNB: 87% vs. EUSFNA: 100%, p=0.5). The sensitivity for lymphoma was borderline superior in favor of EUS-FNB (EUS-FNB: 55% vs. EUS-FNA: 9%, p=0.06). No adverse events were recorded.
Conclusions
In lymphadenopathy, both EUS-FNB and EUS-FNA are safe and highly sensitive for metastatic lymph node detection. Lymphoma diagnosis is challenging regardless of the needle used.

Keyword

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration; Endosonography; Fine needle biopsy; Lymphadenopathy

Figure

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  Fig. 1. A flow chart of the study enrolment process. EUS, endosonography; FNA, fine-needle aspiration; FNB, fine-needle biopsy.

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  Fig. 2. The diagnostic accuracy of EUS-FNA, EUS-FNB, and the combination of both techniques (EUS-FNA/B) in sampling the study participants (n=48). Sens, sensitivity; Spec, specificity; EUS, endosonography; FNA, fine-needle aspiration; FNB, fine-needle biopsy.

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