J Korean Soc Matern Child Health.  2021 Jan;25(1):10-20. 10.21896/jksmch.2021.25.1.10.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Pregnancy

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea

Abstract

With the continued fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), new guidelines on its management are emerging; however, information on COVID-19 and pregnancy remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to review the guidelines of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine, and Royal College Obstetrics and Gynecology and International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Keyword

Coronavirus disease, Pregnancy

Figure

  • Figure 1. Outpatient assessment and management for pregnant women with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This algorithm was designed to aid practitioners in promptly evaluating and treating pregnant women with known exposure to COVID-19 and/or those with symptoms of COVID-19 (persons under investigation). If influenza viruses are circulating, influenza may cause respiratory symptoms; thus, practitioners are encouraged to use the ACOG/SMFM influ-enza algorithm to assess the need for influenza treatment or prophylaxis. ACOG, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; SMFM, The Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; PUI, persons under investigation; CT, computed tomography; ABG, arterial blood gas; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.


Cited by  2 articles

Response Guidelines for Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Newborn Infants: A 2021 Update
Do-Hyun Kim
J Korean Soc Matern Child Health. 2021;25(3):162-168.    doi: 10.21896/jksmch.2021.25.3.162.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study
Da-bin Seok, Hyeon Ok Ju
Korean J Women Health Nurs. 2023;29(1):44-45.    doi: 10.4069/kjwhn.2023.02.21.2.


Reference

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) [Internet]. Washington, DC: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists;2020a. [cited 2020 Sep 15]. Available from:. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2020/03/novel-coronavirus-2019.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Outpatient assessment and management for pregnant women with suspected or confirmed novel coronavirus (COVID-19) [Internet]. Washington, DC: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists;2020b. [cited 2020 Sep 15]. Available from:. https://www.acog.org/-/media/project/acog/acogorg/files/pdfs/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/covid-19-algorithm.pdf.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Vaccinating pregnant and lactating patients against COVID-19 [Internet]. Washington, DC: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists;2021. [cited 2021 Jan 4]. Available from:. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2020/12/vaccinating-pregnant-and-lactating-patients-against-covid-19.
Breslin N., Baptiste C., Gyamfi-Bannerman C., Miller R., Martinez R., Bernstein K, et al. COVID-19 infection among asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women: two weeks of confirmed presentation to an affiliated pair of New York City hospitals. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020. 2:100118.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Evaluation and management considerations for neonates at risk for COVID-19 [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2020. [cited 2020 Sep 15]. Available from:. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/caring-for-newborns.html.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC COVID data tracker. United States COVID-19 cases and deaths by state [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2021a. [cited 2021 Jan 4]. Available from:. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#cases_casesper100klast7days.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC COVID data tracker. Data on COVID-19 during pregnancy: severity of maternal illness [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2021b. [cited 2021 Jan 4]. Available from:. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#pregnant-population.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' Updated Interim Recommendation for Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020 [Internet]. Atlanta (GA): Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2021c. [cited 2021 Jan 4]. Available from:. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm695152e2.htm?s_cid=mm695152e2_w.
Central Disease Control Headquarters, Central Disaster Management Headquarters. Coronavirus-19 Response Guidelines (Local Government Use). 9–4 edition [Internet]. Cheongju (Korea): Central Disease Control Headquarters, Central Disaster Management Headquarters;2020. [cited 2020 Dec 15]. Available from:. http://www.gidcc.or.kr/epvbr/%EC%BD%94%EB%A1%9C%EB%82%98%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EB%9F%AC%EC%8A%A4%EA%B0%90%EC%97%BC%EC%A6%9D-19covid-19/.
Central Disease Control Headquarters, Central Disaster Management Headquarters. COVID-19 patient status [Internet]. Cheongju (Korea): Central Disease Control Headquarters, Central Disaster Management Headquarters;2021. [cited 2021 Jan 4]. Available from:. http://ncov.mohw.go.kr/.
Chen H., Guo J., Whang C., Fan L., Yu X., Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020. 395:809–15.
Dashraath P., Wong JlJ., Lim MXK., Lim LM., Li S., Biswas A, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020. 222:521–31.
Ellington S., Strid P., Tong VT., Woodworth K., Galang RR., Zambrano LD, et al. Characteristic of women of reproductive age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by pregnancy status-Unities Staes, January 22-June 7, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020. 69:769–75.
Gustavson K., Ask H., Ystrom E., Stoltenberg C., Lipkin WI., Suren P, et al. Maternal fever during pregnancy and offspiring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Sci Rep. 2019. 9:9519.
Huntley BJF., Suntely ES., Mascio DD., Chen T., Berghella V., Chauhan P. Rates of maternal and perinatal mortality and vertical transmission in pregnancies complicated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Co-V-2) infection. Obstet Gynecol. 2020. 136:303–12.
Knight M., Bunch K., Vousden N., Morris E., Simpson N., Gale C, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women admitted to hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK: national population based cohort study. BMJ. 2020. 369:m2107.
Kourtis AP., Read JS., Jamieson DJ. Pregnancy and infection. N Engl J Med. 2014. 370:2211–8.
Li M., Chen L., Zhang J., Xiong C., Li X. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression of maternal-fetal interface and fetal organ by single cell transcriptome study. PLoS One. 2020. 15:e0230295.
Liu Y., Chen H., Tang K., Guo Y. Clinical manifestations and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. J Infect. 2020 Mar 4. [Epub].https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.028.
Martins-Filho PR., Santos VS., Santos HP Jr. To breastfeed or not to breastfeed? Lack of evidence on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in breastmilk of pregnant women with COVID-19. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2020. 44:e59.
National Institutes of Health. COVID-19 treatment guideline [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health;2020. [cited 2020 Sep 15]. Available from:. https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/immune-based-therapy/immunomodulators/corticosteroids/.
Poon LC., Abramowicz JS., Dall'Asta A., Sande R., ter Haar G., Marsal K, et al. ISUOG Safety Committee Position Statement on safe performance of obstetric and gynecological scans and equipment cleaning in context of COVID-19. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020a. 55:709–12.
Poon LC., Yang H., Dumont S., Lee JCS., Copel JA., Danneels L, et al. ISUOG Interim Guidance on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and puerperium: information for healthcare professionals – an update. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020b. 55:848–62.
Prabhu M., Cagino K., Matthews KC., Friedlander RL., Glynn SM., Kubiak JM, et al. Pregnancy and postpartum outcomes in a universally tested population for SARS-CoV-2 in New York City: a prospective cohort study. BJOG. 2020. 127:1548–56.
Rasmussen SA., Smulian JC., Lednicky JA., Wen TS., Jamieson DJ. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: what obstetricians need to know. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020. 222:415–26.
RECOVERY Collaborative Group. Horby P., Lim WS., Emberson JR., Mafham M., Bell JL, et al. Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19-Preliminary report. N Engl J Med. 2020. NEJMoa2021436.
Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecologists. Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in pregnancy [Internet]. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists;2020a. [cited 2020 Sep 15]. Available from:. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-07-24-coronavirus-covid-19-infection-in-pregnancy.pdf.
Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecologists. Guidance for maternal medicine services in the evolving coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic [Internet]. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists;2020b. [cited 2020 Sep 15]. Available from:. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-07-10-guidance-for-maternal-medicine.pdf.
Shah PS., Diambomba Y., Acharya G., Morris SK., Bitnun A. Classification system and case definition for SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020. 99:565–8.
Siston AM. Pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus illness among pregnant women in the United States. JAMA. 2010. 303:1517–25.
Smith V., Seo D., Warty R., Payne O., Salih M., Chin KL, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2020. 15:e0234187.
Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine. Coronavirus (COVID-19) and pregnancy: what maternal-fetal medicine sub-specialists need to know [Internet]. Washington, DC: Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine;2020. [cited 2020 Sep 15]. Available from:. https://www.smfm.org/covidclinical.
Sutton D., Fuchas K., D'Alton M., Goffman D. Universal screening for SARS-CoV-2 in Women Admitted for delivery. N Engl J Med. 2020. 382:2163–4.
Vivanti AJ., Vauloup-Fellous C., Prevot S., Zupan V., Suffee C., Cao JD, et al. Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun. 2020. 11:3572.
World Health Organization. WHO coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report 46 [Internet]. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization;2020. [cited 2020 Sep 15]. Available from:. http://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronavirus/situation-report/20200306-sitrep-46-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=96b04adf_2.
Zaigham M., Andersson O. Maternal and perinatal outcomes with COVID-19: a systematic review of 108 pregnancies. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020. 99:823–9.
Zeng L., Xia S., Yuan W., Yan K., Xiao F., Shao J, et al. Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 Neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Pediatr. 2020. 174:722–5.
Zhu H., Wang L., Fang C., Peng S., Zhang L., Chang G, et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoVpneumonia. Transl Pediatr. 2020. 9:51–60.
Full Text Links
  • JKSMCH
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr