Obstet Gynecol Sci.  2021 Jan;64(1):107-113. 10.5468/ogs.20191.

TGF-β1 role in uterine leiomyoma and endometrial polyp: an insight to drug-based treatment instead of surgical techniques

• Faraji A
• Shamsadinimoghadam R
• Jahromi MA
• Namazi N

• KMID: 2511571
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.20191

Abstract

Objective
Considering the high prevalence of leiomyoma and endometrial polyps, investigating the contributing factors and determining the pathophysiology of these lesions are essential. Target therapy is now an acceptable method for the treatment of some diseases. We aimed to determine the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in endometrial polyps and leiomyomas to discover a drug-based method to overcome surgical treatments.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 55 patients with leiomyoma and 55 patients with polyps were included. Prepared slides from leiomyoma and adjacent myometrium or polyp lesions and adjacent endometrium were obtained and investigated for TGF-β1. Then, data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 22.
Results
The mean age of participants was 40.6±5.8 years. Based on their reports, 88.2% (n=97) of patients in the study population had abnormal uterine bleeding with similar distributions among both groups. In contrast, 63.5% of the leiomyoma group did not express TGF-β1. However, in normal myometrium, 23.6% had the highest degree of TGF-β1 expression. Polyp tissue did not show staining for TGF-β1 in any patients. Additionally, 89.1% of non-polypoid endometrium did not express TGF-β1. Normal tissue had a significantly greater amount of TGF-β1 compared to leiomyoma and endometrial polyps.
Conclusion
TGF-β1 is expressed more prominently in normal myometrium with mostly high-intensity features compared to leiomyoma. Additionally, polyps showed no staining for TGF-β1, while normal endometrium showed a low-density staining pattern.

Keyword

Cytokines; Polyps; Leiomyoma; Transforming growth factor beta; Uterus

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in myometrium and leiomyoma. (A) Expression of TGF-β1 in myometrial smooth muscle (M) and non-expression in leiomyoma cells (L). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), ×100. (B) Expression of TGF-β1 in myometrial smooth muscle with +3 staining intensity (M) and low staining intensity (+1) in leiomyoma (L). H&E, ×100.

• 

  Fig. 2 Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in the endometrium and polyps. (A) Expression of TGF-β1 in the smooth muscle of the arterial wall (arrow) and myometrium (M) and non-expression in the endometrial polyp (P). Hematoxylin and eosin, ×100. (B) Expression of TGF-β1 in the myometrium and non-expression in the endometrium.

Reference

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