Clin Endosc.  2020 Nov;53(6):633-635. 10.5946/ce.2020.263.

The Need for a Better-Designed Study of the Outcomes of Endoscopic Management of Bile Leak

• Chon HK
• Shin EJ
• Kim SH

• KMID: 2511220
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2020.263

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. Suggested treatment algorithm for bile leak. CT, computed tomography; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; EST, endoscopic sphincteroromy; HIDA, hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid; MRCP, magenetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; PTBD, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage; US, ultrasound. a)Low-grade bile leak was defined as leak identified only after opacification of the intrahepatic biliary radicals with contrast [4]. b)High-grade bile leak grade was defined as leak observed fluoroscopically before intrahepatic opacification [4].

Reference

1. Kim KH, Kim TN. Endoscopic management of bile leakage after cholecystectomy: a single-center experience for 12 years. Clin Endosc. 2014; 47:248–253.

2. Raza A, Omer A, Iqbal S, Gudsoorkar V, Koduru P, Krishnan K. Efficacy of nasobiliary tubes and biliary stents in management of patients with bile leak after liver transplantation: a systematic review. Clin Endosc. 2019; 52:159–167.

3. Giri S, Sundaram S, Darak H, Kumar S, Bhatia S. Outcomes of endoscopic management among patients with bile leak of various etiologies at a tertiary care center. Clin Endosc. 2020; 53:727–734.

4. Sandha GS, Bourke MJ, Haber GB, Kortan PP. Endoscopic therapy for bile leak based on a new classification: results in 207 patients. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004; 60:567–574.

5. Bjorkman DJ, Carr-Locke DL, Lichtenstein DR, et al. Postsurgical bile leaks: endoscopic obliteration of the transpapillary pressure gradient is enough. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995; 90:2128–2133.

6. Vlaemynck K, Lahousse L, Vanlander A, Piessevaux H, Hindryckx P. Endoscopic management of biliary leaks: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Endoscopy. 2019; 51:1074–1081.