Korean J Radiol.  2020 Dec;21(12):1379-1387. 10.3348/kjr.2019.0893.

Correlations between the Clinical and Ultrasonographic Parameters of Congenital Muscular Torticollis without a Sternocleidomastoid Mass

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Radiology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea.
  • 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea.

Abstract


Objective
To determine whether ultrasonography at initial presentation can help assess the clinical severity of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) in infants without a sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) mass.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included 71 infants aged less than 12 months (4.1 ± 2.3 months) with non-mass CMT. The clinical severity was divided into three grades (groups 1–3) based on the degree of lateral head bending or cervical rotation. The difference (SCM-D) and ratio (SCM-R) between the maximal thickness of the affected and non-affected SCMs were obtained using transverse and longitudinal ultrasonography. The sonographic echotexture and echogenicity of the involved SCM were reviewed.
Results
A significant difference was observed in the SCM-D (0.42 ± 0.30 mm in group 1; 0.74 ± 0.50 mm in group 2; 1.14 ± 0.85 mm in group 3; p = 0.002) and SCM-R (1.069 ± 0.067 in group 1; 1.129 ± 0.087 in group 2; 1.204 ± 0.150 in group 3; p = 0.001) among the groups when measured along the longitudinal but not along the transverse ultrasonography plane.The areas under the curves of the SCM-R and SCM-D measured by longitudinal ultrasonography were 0.731 (p < 0.001) and 0.731 (p < 0.001) for group 1 versus groups 2–3. The proportions of heterogeneous echotexture or hyperechogenicity in the involved SCM did not differ significantly among the three clinical groups (all p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Ultrasonography can aid in assessing the clinical severity of CMT in infants without an SCM mass at the time of initial diagnosis. The SCM-R and SCM-D helped grade the clinical severity when obtained by longitudinal scan.

Keyword

Ultrasonography; Congenital torticollis; Sternocleidomastoid muscle; Pediatric
Full Text Links
  • KJR
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr