J Korean Biol Nurs Sci.
2020 Feb;22(1):45-52. 10.7586/jkbns.2020.22.1.45.
Risk Factors of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Skull Fracture after Pediatric Head Trauma
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Nursing, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- 2Department of Clinical Nursing, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
- KMID: 2509068
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2020.22.1.45
Abstract
- Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage in children with skull fractures from head trauma.
Methods
The retrospective study included 205 patients diagnosed with a skull fracture in a pediatric emergency room. Data were analyzed using χ 2 -test, Fisher’s exact test, t-test, and logistic regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN24.0 program.
Results
Intracranial hemorrhage was diagnosed in 71 patients. There were statistically significant differences between the hemorrhagic group and non-hemorrhagic group in age group, places of accident, type of accident, location of the fracture, and symptoms. Intracranial hemorrhage by age group was higher in school-age and adolescence than in infancy. The places of accidents of hemorrhage were higher in street and school than in the home. The types of an accident of bleeding were higher in the case of knock and traffic accident than in fall. Symptoms of nausea, headache, and loss of consciousness were associated with higher intracranial hemorrhage. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that knock (OR= 3.29, 95% CI= 1.50-7.22), traffic accident (OR= 4.78, 95% CI= 1.31-17.43), nausea (OR= 4.18, 95% CI= 1.42-12.31), and loss of consciousness (OR= 3.29, 95% CI= 1.41-9.50) were risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage.
Conclusion
In this study, the risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage were identified in pediatric patients with skull fractures caused by head trauma. It is recommended that the results of this study be used to manage and educate patients, caregivers, and medical staff after head trauma hemorrhage.
