J Korean Soc Biol Ther Psychiatry.  2020 Oct;26(3):203-211.

Psychosocial Correlates of Suicidal Attempts

• Kim YH
• Park IH
• Kim H
• Jhon M
• Kang HJ
• Lee JY
• Ryu SH
• Kim JM
• Kim SW

Abstract

Objectives
：This study investigated psychosocial risk and protective factors associated with suicide attempt.
Methods
：This cross-sectional study included 1,466 participants. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were collected. The following scales were used : Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Korean version (AUDIT-K), Family Adaptability & Cohesion Evaluation Scale III (FACES-III), Korean version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (K-CD-RISC), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Korean version of Gratitude Questionnaire 6 (K-GQ-6). Univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with a history of suicide attempt.
Results
：Seventy-one of the 1,466 participants (4.8%) reported a history of suicide attempt. Attempted suicide was less common in married individuals, but more common in Medicaid recipients and smokers. Compared with participants who had not attempted suicide, participants who had attempted suicide had higher scores for the HADS, AUDIT-K, and PSS, whereas they had lower scores for the FACES-III, RSES, K-GQ-6, and four subscales of the K-CDRISC (Hardiness, Persistence, Optimism, and Support). Logistic regression analysis revealed that Medicaid use [odds ratio (OR)=5.837] and AUDIT-K score (OR=1.066) were positively associated with a history of suicide attempt. Marriage (OR=0.451), FACES-III score (OR=0.971), and K-CD-RISC Support subscale score (OR=0.711) were negatively associated with a history of suicide attempt.
Conclusion
：Low income and alcohol abuse were positively associated with attempted suicide, whereas marriage, high family cohesion, and social support were negatively associated with attempted suicide in the general population. A social and economic support system might aid suicide prevention.

Keyword

Suicide; Social support; Family; Marriage; Alcohol abuse; Socioeconomic factors; Community