Imaging Sci Dent.  2020 Sep;50(3):217-226. 10.5624/isd.2020.50.3.217.

Three-dimensional evaluation of the mandibular symphyseal region in block graft harvesting for dental implants using cone-beam computed tomography

• Gandhi V
• Lowney A
• Cardarelli L
• Yadav S
• Tadinada A

• KMID: 2506608
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5624/isd.2020.50.3.217

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to analyze the quantity and quality of the mandibular anterior alveolar bone in terms of alveolar width, density, and total alveolar height (TAH) based on dental status, gender, and age. Additionally, this study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the available alveolar height for graft harvesting (AHGH) and examine its variability based on the aforementioned factors.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective cone-beam computed tomographic study included a total of 100 subjects. On the basis of gender, dental status, and age, the scans were divided into 3 primary groups and 8 subgroups. The mandibular alveolar width and density were measured 5 mm mesial to the mental foramen bilaterally and at the midline. The TAH was measured at the midline, and the AHGH was measured as the midline distance between 5 mm apical to the root of the canines and 5 mm superior to the lower border.
Results
The mandibular alveolar width was statistically similar between dentulous and edentulous patients (p>0.05). A significantly greater density was observed at the midline in edentulous patients (p<0.05). The TAH was significantly greater in edentulous male patients than in edentulous female patients (p<0.05). Dentulous and male patients had significantly greater AHGH than edentulous and female patients, respectively (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Based on the data evaluated in this study, it can be concluded that the mandibular symphyseal area has adequate bone quality and quantity for bone graft harvesting for dental implant therapy.

Keyword

Alveolar Bone Grafting; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Dental Implants; Mandible