J Korean Med Sci.  2020 Jun;35(22):e164. 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e164.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

• Chung GE
• Yim JY
• Kim D
• Kwak MS
• Yang JI
• Park B
• An SJ
• Kim JS

• KMID: 2502606
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e164

Abstract

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with a wide spectrum of metabolic abnormalities. This study aimed to evaluate whether NAFLD is associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) independent of other risk factors.
Methods
A total of 3,508 subjects who underwent prostate and hepatic ultrasonography were enrolled. NAFLD was diagnosed and graded by ultrasonographic findings. BPH was defined by total prostate volume.
Results
The prevalence of BPH was significantly increased according to NAFLD severity (P < 0.001). The multivariate analysis showed that NAFLD was associated with a 22% increase in the risk of BPH (odds ratio [OR], 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.45). In non-obese subjects, NAFLD was associated with a 41% increase in the risk of BPH (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.14–1.73), and an incremental increase in the risk of BPH according to NAFLD severity was pronounced (adjusted OR [95% CI], 1.32 [1.05–1.68] for mild NAFLD, 1.55 [1.15–2.10] for moderate to severe NAFLD vs. no NAFLD, P for trend = 0.004). However, in the obese population, the association of NAFLD in the risk of BPH was insignificant (P = 0.208).
Conclusion
NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of BPH regardless of metabolic syndrome, especially in non-obese subjects. An incrementally increased risk of BPH according to NAFLD severity is prominent in non-obese subjects with NAFLD. Thus, physicians caring for non-obese patients with NAFLD may consider assessing the risk of BPH and associated urologic conditions.

Keyword

Hepatic Steatosis; Non-Obese; Prostate Hyperplasia

Figure

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  Fig. 1 The prevalence of BPH according to various subgroups. (A) Comparison between no NAFLD and NAFLD, (B) Comparison among the three groups: no NAFLD/mild NAFLD/moderate to severe NAFLD and (C) Comparison between non-obese and obese group.BPH = benign prostate hyperplasia, NAFLD = nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

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