J Gynecol Oncol.  2020 Apr;31(3):e48. 10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e48.

Major clinical research advances in gynecologic cancer in 2019

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
  • 3Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
  • 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 7Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

In 2019, 12 topics were selected as the major research advances in gynecologic oncology. Herein, we first opted to introduce the significant clinical activity of pembrolizumab in women with advanced cervical cancer based on the results of the phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 trial. Thereafter, we reviewed 5 topics, including systemic lymphadenectomy in the advanced stage with no gross residual tumor, secondary cytoreductive surgery in recurrent ovarian cancer according to the results of Gynecologic Oncology Group-213 trial, dose-dense weekly paclitaxel scheduling as first-line chemotherapy, the utility of intraperitoneal therapy in the advanced stage, and an update on poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Additionally, we conducted a thorough review of emerging data from several clinical trials on PARP inhibitors according to drug, target population, and combined usage. For uterine corpus cancer, we reviewed adjuvant therapy for high-risk disease and chemotherapy in advanced/recurrent disease. For the field of radiation oncology, we discussed the utility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy added to chemoradiotherapy and the treatment of radiation-induced cystitis using hyperbaric oxygen. Finally, we discussed the use of individualized therapy with humanized monoclonal antibodies (trastuzumab emtansine and sacituzumab govitecan-hziy) and combination therapy (fulvestrant plus alpesilib, fulvestrant plus anastrozole, and ribociclib plus endocrine therapy) for women with advanced breast cancer.

Keyword

Immunotherapy; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Adjuvant Therapy; Humanized Monoclonal Antibody; Combination Therapy
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